中国地方品种绵羊体质指数的地理变异  

Geographic Variation in Body Mass Index of Chinese Indigenous Sheep

作　　者：刘雪颖[1] 刘桂琼[1] 种玉晴 姜勋平[1] LIU Xue-ying;LIU Gui-qiong;CHONG Yu-qing;JIANG Xun-ping(Institute of Animal Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Hubei Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学动物科技学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2020年第8期1862-1870,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFD0502105);国家肉羊产业技术体系项目(CARS-38-03A)。

摘　　要：【目的】体质指数(BMI)是衡量绵羊体况胖瘦程度的重要指标,与繁殖力等重要经济性状具有显著的相关。研究中国绵羊体质指数现状及其影响因素,对于绵羊资源评估、选育和生产管理都有重要的参考价值。【方法】测定湖羊和乌珠穆沁羊的成年体重和体长;通过文献挖掘42个中国地方绵羊品种成年体重和体长数据以及年平均气温(AAT)、无霜期(FFP)、年平均降水量(AAP)、相对湿度(RH)、年平均日照时数(AASD)5个环境因子。分别计算各个品种的体质指数,分析体质指数与性别、品种类型、纬度、海拔及环境因子间的关系。【结果】中国绵羊BMI平均为100.871±20.488(公母分别为107.249 VS 94.494)。其中,蒙系绵羊BMI为101.450±21.315(公母分别为107.847 VS 95.052);藏系绵羊BMI为93.330±7.383(公母分别为95.156 VS 91.503);哈萨克系绵羊BMI为107.361±25.621(公母分别为118.254 VS 96.468)。公羊BMI显著大于母羊(P<0.05)。纬度越高,BMI越大(P<0.05)。海拔对BMI的影响不显著(P>0.05)。BMI与环境因子的回归方程为BMI=2.151E-15-0.347AAP+0.585RH+0.302AASD(R2=0.194)。【结论】中国地方绵羊品种的BMI变异丰富,公羊极显著高于母羊。纬度越高,地方绵羊品种的BMI越大,而各种环境因素对BMI具有不同程度影响。【Objective】Body mass index(BMI)is an important indicator to measure the fatness and thinness of sheep,and has significant correlation with important economic traits such as reproduction.Studying the status and influencing factors of Chinese sheep's body mass index has important reference value for sheep resource assessment,breeding and production management.【Method】The adult body weight and body length of Hu sheep and Ujumqin sheep were measured;And the adult body weight and body length of 42 Chinese indigenous sheep breeds were retrieved from published references.Five environmental factors including average annual temperature(AAT),frost-free period(FFP),average annual precipitation(AAP),relative humidity(RH),and average annual sunshine duration(AASD)were also collected from published book.The body mass index of each breed was calculated separately,and the relationship between BMI and gender,breed,latitude,altitude and environmental factors were analyzed.【Result】The average BMI of Chinese sheep was 100.871±20.488(male vs female are 107.249 VS 94.494,respectively).The Mongolian sheep BMI was 101.450±21.315(male vs female was 107.847 VS 95.052,respectively).The Tibetan sheep BMI was 93.330±7.383(male vs female was 95.156 VS 91.503 respectively).The BMI of Kazakh sheep was 107.361±25.621(male vs female was 118.254 VS 96.468 respectively).Ram BMI was significantly greater than that of ewe(P<0.05).The higher the latitude,the larger the BMI(P<0.05).Altitude had no significant effect on BMI(P>0.05).The regression equation of BMI and environmental factors is BMI=2.151E-15-0.347AAP+0.585RH+0.302AASD(R2=0.194).【Conclusion】Chinese Indigenous sheep have abundant variation in BMI.BMI of sheep was sexually dimorphic.The body mass index of sheep gradually increased with an increase in latitude.The environmental factors can partly explain the BMI variation.

关 键 词：绵羊 体质指数 地理变异 性二型 

分 类 号：S813.9[农业科学—畜牧学]