喀斯特地区丛枝菌根真菌多样性研究进展  

Research Advance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Diversity in Karst Areas

作　　者：米屹东 李信茹 刘秀明[3] 彭韬[3] 王伟 黄以程 白英臣 魏源[2] MI Yidong;LI Xinru;LIU Xiuming;PENG Tao;WANG Wei;HUANG Yicheng;BAI Yingchen;WEI Yuan(School of Resources Environment and Chemical Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environment Science,Beijing 100012,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550081,China;China Association of Environment Protection Industry,Beijing 100037,China;School of Food and Biological Engineering,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学资源环境与化工学院,南昌330031 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550081 [4]中国环境保护产业协会,北京100037 [5]集美大学食品与生物工程学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《地球与环境》2020年第5期631-641,共11页Earth and Environment

基　　金：科技部科研院所技术开发研究专项(2014EG166135);国家自然科学基金项目(41977294);贵州省科技厅社会发展科技攻关计划项目(黔科合SY字[2014]3041)。

摘　　要：丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi,AM真菌)在喀斯特地区生态修复中具有潜在的可利用性,关于喀斯特地区AM真菌多样性以及生态功能的研究已成为近年来的热点问题。本文归纳了喀斯特地区分离出的AM真菌名录,旨在为喀斯特高效生态修复菌种筛选提供支撑材料。综述了喀斯特地区土壤石灰性、营养物质匮乏、空间异质性强,植被逆向演替、植物种类多样等特点对喀斯特地区AM真菌多样性的影响规律,总结了AM真菌对于喀斯特地区土壤结构、营养元素循环、植物抗旱性、植物个体养分吸收、植被演替方面的生理生态功能及作用机理,以期为喀斯特地区AM真菌适生性研究、AM真菌潜在生态功能有效利用、AM真菌-植物共生体系筛选与培育等环节做出指引,为菌根技术在喀斯特生态修复中的应用提供理论基础。未来的研究应进一步深入探究AM真菌多样性影响机制,探讨AM真菌与植物适生性之间的关系,以及加强AM真菌-植物共生体系筛选与培育。Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi(AM fungi)has potential applications in the ecological restoration of karst areas.Recently,the diversity and ecological functions of AM fungi in karst areas have drawn increasing concerns.In order to provide supporting for selecting efficient ecological restoration strains in karst areas,a list of AM fungi isolated from karst area was summarized.The influence law on the diversity of AM fungi in karst area were reviewed from the perspectives of the calcareousness of soil,the lack of nutrients,the spatial heterogeneity of soil,the reverse succession of vegetation,the diversity of plant and other characteristics;the physiological and ecological function and mechanism of AM fungi on soil structure,nutrient cycle,plant drought resistance,plant nutrient absorption and vegetation succession in karst areas were summarized.This study aimed to provide guidance for the study on adaptability of AM fungi,the effective utilization of the potential ecological functions of AM fungi and the selection and cultivation of AM fungi-plant symbiosis system,and to provide theoretical basis for the application of mycorrhizal technology in the karst ecological restoration.Future studies should further explore the influence mechanism of AM fungi diversity,discuss the relationship between AM fungi and plant adaptability and strengthen the selection and cultivation of AM fungi-plant symbiosis systems.

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 喀斯特 遗传多样性 功能多样性 研究展望 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]