上颌前牙区不同即刻种植术式对软硬组织美学影响及安全性研究  

Study on the Effect and Safety of Different Immediate Implantation Methods on Soft and Hard Tissue in Maxillary Anterior Teeth

作　　者：杨秋燕[1] 蔡巧玲[1] 曾晓华[1] 周寅翠 YANG Qiu-yan;CAI Qiao-ling;ZENG Xiao-hua;ZHOU Yin-cui(Department of Stomatology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian Province,361000 China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属第一医院口腔科,福建厦门361000

出　　处：《中外医疗》2020年第22期13-15,共3页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的对上颌前牙区采用不同即刻种植术的效果及对牙槽骨宽度、软组织美学的影响进行分析,并探讨安全性。方法方便2016年1月-2018年8月在该院口腔科接治的38例上颌前牙区即刻种植患者纳入观察研究中,根据唇侧不同骨壁厚度分成试验组和对照组,均为19例;其中对照组采取翻瓣+唇侧GBR即刻种植术,试验组采取不翻瓣+唇侧间隙植骨即刻种植术,对比两组种植区域修复后即刻、术后1年不同时间探诊深度、软组织美学效果;术后即刻、术后1年牙槽骨宽度变化。结果试验组和对照组所有植体均没有脱落,骨愈合良好,完成修复。试验组术后即刻的牙槽骨宽度、探诊深度分别为(3.23±0.20)mm、(2.62±0.13)mm,对照组分别为(4.58±0.38)mm、(2.51±0.27)mm,差异有统计学意义(t=9.203、8.121,P<0.01),术前、术后1年差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组术后即刻、术后3个月、术后1年的PES评分分别为(9.16±1.10)分、(10.18±1.33)分、(11.30±1.92)分,分别高于对照组的(7.22±1.17)分、(8.54±1.40)分、(9.25±1.84)分,差异有统计学意义(t=7.384、8.092、8.433,P<0.05)。结论在上颌前牙区根据不同骨壁厚度选择不翻瓣和翻瓣即刻种植术的成功率基本一致,1年后骨壁厚度基本一致,但翻瓣组较不翻瓣组美学效果差。Objective To analyze the effect of different immediate implants on the width of alveolar bone and the aesthetics of soft tissue,and to explore the safety.Methods From January 2016 to August 2018,38 patients with immediate implant in the maxillary anterior teeth were Convenient selection included in the study.According to the thickness of different bone wall on the lip,they were divided into two groups:the experimental group and the control group,all of which were 19 cases.In the control group,flap+lip GBR immediate implant was used,while in the experimental group,flap+lip space immediate implant was used.After the restoration of the implant area,the two groups were compared The depth and aesthetic effect of soft tissue were explored immediately and one year after operation,and the width of alveolar bone was changed immediately and one year after operation.Results All the implants in the experimental group and the control group did not fall off,and the bone healed well.The width and depth of alveolar bone were(3.23±0.20)mm and(2.62±0.13)mm in the experimental group and(4.58±0.38)mm and(2.51±0.27)mm in the control group,respectively.The difference was statistically significant(t=9.203,8.121,P<0.01).there was net statistically significant peropertaive and postoperative one year(P>0.05).The scores of PEs in the experimental group were(9.16±1.10)points,(10.18±1.33)points and(11.30±1.92)points immediately,3 months and 1 year after operation,respectively,which were higher than those in the control group(7.22±1.17)points,(8.54±1.40)points,(9.25±1.84)points,the difference was statistically significant(t=7.384,8.092,8.433,P<0.05).Conclusion According to the thickness of the bone wall in the anterior teeth,the success rate of immediate implantation without flap and flap is basically the same.The thickness of the bone wall is basically the same one year later,but the aesthetic effect of flap group is worse than that of no flap group.

关 键 词：上颌前牙区 即刻种植术 牙槽骨长度 软硬组织 安全性 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]