纳米银对污水生物处理系统的影响  

Effects of silver nanoparticles on biological wastewater treatment systems

作　　者：施丽婷 张雯雯 杨新萍[1] SHI Li-ting;ZHANG Wen-wen;YANG Xin-ping(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境学院环境科学与工程系,南京210095

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2020年第9期3118-3126,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31870489)资助。

摘　　要：纳米银(silver nanoparticles,Ag-NPs)是目前商业化应用最多的纳米材料,因其优越的抗菌性能,广泛使用于纳米技术强化的消费品。释放到环境中的Ag-NPs随污水收集系统进入市政污水处理厂。市场上Ag-NPs产品日益增多,Ag-NPs与污水处理系统中微生物相互作用,可能影响污水处理厂的运行,引起人们广泛关注。污水中Ag-NPs去向和形态变化具有很大的不确定性。本文总结了Ag-NPs抗菌机制以及污水中Ag-NPs暴露对污水生物处理系统去除有机物、氮、磷等微生物的影响。为了降低Ag-NPs在水环境中的风险,今后需要关注的研究方向,包括:研究不同暴露时长下,Ag-NPs在污水中的形态转变,确定各种形态银的数量,寻求控制或消除Ag-NPs对污水处理系统微生物毒性作用的有效措施,为全面评估水体中Ag-NPs的环境风险提供依据。Silver nanoparticles(Ag-NPs)have been one of the most commercialized nanomaterials nowadays.Due to their strong antimicrobial properties,Ag-NPs are used extensively in a wide range of nanotechnology-enhanced consumer products.Their widespread production and utilization inevitably cause the release of Ag-NPs into wastewater collection and treatment plants.With the rapid increase in the number of Ag-NPs products in the market,there are particular concerns on the risks associated with the interactions between Ag-NPs and wastewater microorganisms,which would potentially threaten wastewater treatment functions.Although it is expected that Ag-NPs have inhibitive effects on microbial activities in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),their fate and transformation in wastewater remain unclear because of the complex and uncertainty of Ag-NPs in WWTPs.In this review,we summarized the antimicrobial behaviors of Ag-NPs in WWTPs and implications in the functions of microorganisms for removing organic matter,nitrogen and phosphorus.To better understand the associated risks of Ag-NPs in WWTPs,we highlight current progress and knowledge gaps.Future perspectives are also proposed,including(1)characterization of the dynamics of Ag-NPs in WWTPs,(2)assessment of the potential toxicity of Ag-NPs to functional microorganisms(e.g.removing pollutants),and(3)development of strategies to mitigate the risks of Ag-NPs in WWTPs.These discussions deliver important theoretical basis for assessing environmental risks of Ag-NPs in sewage systems.

关 键 词：纳米银 污水处理 生物毒性 环境风险 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]