木材表面遗态仿生构建类荷叶自清洁超疏水微/纳米结构  

Biomimetic fabrication of lotus-leaf-like self-cleaning superhydrophobic wood surface with micro/nano-biomimetic structures using morph-genetic method

作　　者：杨玉山 沈华杰[1] 秦磊[1] 邱坚[1] YANG Yushan;SHEN Huajie;QIN Lei;QIU Jian(School of Materials and Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学材料工程学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2020年第5期63-68,共6页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0600702);云南省教育厅基金(2019Y0117);西南林业大学科技创新基金(201919)。

摘　　要：受荷叶效应启发,使用聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)模板二次转印复型技术,在负载聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)涂层的白蜡木素材表面遗态仿生制备了类荷叶微/纳米结构形貌,并赋予木材表面自清洁超疏水特性。通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱元素分析仪、X射线衍射光谱仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪以及静态水接触角仪对白蜡木素材和遗态仿生类荷叶自清洁超疏水木材试样的微观形貌、化学元素组成、表面化学状态以及润湿性进行表征。结果表明,遗态仿生制备的类荷叶自清洁超疏水木材表面具有与荷叶表面微/纳米乳突结构类似的微观形貌。遗态仿生类荷叶自清洁超疏水木材没有改变白蜡木素材原有的色彩纹理,其表面静态水接触角约为151°,滚动角为6°,接近于遗态材料荷叶表面的接触角与滚动角,表现出超疏水能力;同时,表面的石墨粉能被水滴轻松冲洗掉,具有自清洁特性。这主要是由于木材表面沉积的PVB混合涂层中羟基与木材表面的羟基相结合,使其表面羟基数量有所减少,此外,含氟长链烷基聚合物的存在也增强了木材表面的疏水性能。Lotus leaf is the typical superhydrophobic morph-genetic material in nature.Inspired by the lotus effect,the morphology of the lotus-leaf-like micro/nano structure was prepared by the polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)template secondary transfer replicate technology on the surface of the Fraxinus americana timber loaded with polyvinyl butyral(PVB)coating,and the surface of the as-prepared biomimetic lotus-leaf-like wood had self-cleaning and superhydrophobic performances.The microscopic morphology,chemical element variation,surface chemical state and wettability of specimens of the untreated wood and the as-prepared morph-genetic biomimetic lotus-leaf-like self-cleaning superhydrophobic wood were analyzed by the scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray energy spectrum analysis(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and static water contact angle(WCA).The results showed that the surface of the as-prepared morph-genetic biomimetic lotus-leaf-like self-cleaning superhydrophobic wood specimens had lotus-leaf-like micro/nano-papilla structure.The wood prepared by the morphological method had a surface structure similar to that of the lotus leaf.The XRD examination results showed that the hydroxyl groups in the mixed PVB coating deposited on the surface of the as-prepared morph-genetic biomimetic lotus-leaf-like self-cleaning superhydrophobic wood were combined with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the wood,and the amount of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the wood was reduced,thereby changing the hydrophobicity of the wood surface.The results of FT-IR examination indicated that there were fluorine-containing long-chain alkyl polymers on the surface of the as-prepared morph-genetic biomimetic lotus-leaf-like self-cleaning superhydrophobic wood.The EDS and XPS spectra results showed that the as-prepared morph-genetic biomimetic superhydrophobic coating on the wood surface contained Si and F elements.In contrast,the as-prepared morph-genetic biomimeti

关 键 词：白蜡木 遗态仿生 纳米转印技术 荷叶 微/纳米结构 自清洁超疏水 

分 类 号：S781.7[农业科学—木材科学与技术]