黄金苗谷子苗期黄色的生理基础和黄苗基因初定位  

Physiological Basis and Linkage Analysis of Elite Foxtail Millet Variety Huangjinmiao that Shows Yellow Seedling Leaves

作　　者：李传宗 智慧[1] 汤沙[1] 贾冠清[1] 唐婵娟 贾彦超 刁现民[1] LI Chuan-zong;ZHI Hui;TANG Sha;JIA Guan-qing;TANG Chan-juan;JIA Yan-chao;DIAO Xian-min(Institute of CropSciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2020年第5期1068-1077,共10页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFD1000701/2018YFD1000700);中国农业科学院C4光合作用协同创新项目(CAAS-XTCX2016002)。

摘　　要：黄金苗是一个苗期表现黄苗、后期叶色恢复绿色的优质谷子品种,植物学和农艺性状观察发现:黄金苗叶色由黄变绿发生在孕穗到抽穗期;叶绿素含量的动态分析表明:黄金苗的叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量在苗期均低于对照,但在抽穗期叶绿素a的含量基本恢复正常,但叶绿素b的含量一直极显著低于对照,说明相关突变影响了叶绿素的合成,特别是叶绿素b的合成。叶绿体超微结构比较分析表明:黄金苗苗期每个细胞中叶绿体数量,基粒类囊体的层数与对照相比有显著差异,抽穗期恢复正常后与对照不存在显著差异。受叶绿素的含量和叶绿体的数量及类囊体数量的影响,黄金苗的净光合速率显著低于对照。遗传分析表明:黄金苗的黄苗性状受一对隐性单基因控制,通过对F2分离群体进行黄苗基因的定位发现,突变发生在8号染色体。本研究的结果可为下一步突变基因的精细定位和基因功能研究打下良好基础,本研究还讨论了黄金苗的黄苗色在育种中作为标记性状的利用。The millet variety Huangjinmiao represents yellow leaves at the seedling stage and recovered green leaves at the later stages.In this study,we attempted to decipher the physiological and genetic basis of the yellow-leaf seedling phenotype of cv.Huangjinmiao.The leaf color of cv.Huangjinmiao from yellow to green was observed at the booting and heading stages.The dynamic analysis showed that the contents of both chlorophyll a and b at the seedling stage were lower in cv.Huangjinmiao if compared to those of the control plants.At the heading stage,the chlorophyll a became no detectable difference,whereas the chlorophyll bremained significantly lower in cv.Huangjinmiao.The chloroplast ultrastructure showed lower number of chloroplasts and stacked thylakoids,and lower thickness of the stacked thylakoids in cv.Huangjinmiao extensively at the seedling stage but at the heading stage.The accumulative results clearly indicated a compromised biosynthesis of chlorophyll that occurs in cv.Huangjinmiao.The net photosynthetic rate of cv.Huangjinmiao was statistically lower than that of the control lines.The segregation analysis sing a F2 segregation population suggested a recessive-inherited single gene which manipulates the yellow-seedling phenotype.The preliminary mapping suggested that the causal gene was localized on chromosome 8 of Setaria italica.In conclusion,this study laid a good foundation for future high-resolution mapping and functional analysis of the causal gene.Moreover,the application potential of the yellow-leaf color of cv.Huangjinmiao as a phenotypic marker in breeding has been discussed.

关 键 词：谷子 黄苗 叶绿素 基因定位 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]