预防接种异常反应从“财政补偿”模式走向“保险补偿”模式——基于湖南省新旧补偿规则的比较  

The Indemnification of Vaccination Abnormal Response from"Financial Model"to"Insurance Model"——A Comparative Study on the Old and New Indemnification Rules in Hunan Province

作　　者：陈璐[1] 周新发 CHEN Lu;ZHOU Xin-fa(Law School, Hunan University, Changsha,Hunan 410082, China;School of Economics, Beijing University, Beijing 100871, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学法学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]北京大学经济学院,北京100871

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第5期127-132,共6页Journal of Hunan University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：湖南大学“青年教师成长计划”:儿童预防接种损害救济法律制度研究;湖南省教育厅开放基金项目:湖南省产品安全与消费者权益保护:问题与对策研究(10K012);湖南省社会科学基金项目:湖南省药品安全制度研究(11YBB076);教育部人文社会科学研究项目:健康风险冲击性下大病保险制度对农民的健康扶贫效应及机制研究(18YJC790239);国家社会科学基金项目:我国人用疫苗致害的社会分担法律机制研究(16BFX158)。

摘　　要：由于个体差异等多种原因,极少数受种者在预防接种过程中可能会发生异常反应,对自身和家庭造成严重影响。我省对预防接种异常反应补偿工作高度重视,先后制定了《湖南省预防接种异常反应补偿办法(试行)》和《湖南省第一类疫苗预防接种异常反应补偿基础保险实施方案(试行)》。前者采取的是财政补偿模式,后者采取的是保险补偿模式。新规定在适用范围、补偿金额和补偿程序等方面具有显著的进步性,然而,在调整的疫苗类型、补偿对象、补偿依据、效力衔接等方面的制度设计则存在不足。应当通过湖南省试行实践情况总结和省际立法经验交流互鉴,进一步完善保险补偿模式,为中央层面立法提供有力参考。Due to individual differences and other reasons,a very small number of recipients may have abnormal reactions in the process of vaccination,which has a serious impact on themselves and their families.Hunan Province attaches great importance to the compensation for vaccination abnormal reactions,and Regulation on the Compensation of Vaccination Abnormal Response in Hunan Province(Trial)and Basic Insurance Compensation Scheme of Abnormal Response of Vaccines in Immunization Program in Hunan Province(Trial)were successively formulated.The former adopts financial compensation model,while the latter adopts insurance compensation model.Although the new regulation has advantages over the old one in the area of the scope of application,compensation amount and compensation procedure,it still has some deficiencies in the aspects of applicable vaccine type,compensation object,compensation basis and orderly implementation.It is important to further improve the insurance compensation model through assessing the trial practice of Hunan Province and learning from other provinces,and thus provide a strong reference for the legislation of the central government.

关 键 词：预防接种异常反应 财政补偿 保险补偿 湖南省 

分 类 号：D912.182[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]