陶瓷纤维增强SiO2气凝胶的制备及性能  

Preparation and Properties of Ceramic Fiber Reinforced SiO2 Aerogels

作　　者：李小玉[1] 徐春涛[2] 陈平清[3] 王建国[1] LI Xiaoyu;XU chuntao;CHEN Pingqing;WANG Jianguo(Zhongshan Torch Polytechnic,Zhongshan,Guangdong 528436,China;Zhongshan Tolytechnic,Zhongshan,Guangdong 528400,China;Maoming Vocational Technical College,Maoming Guangdong,525000,China)

机构地区：[1]中山火炬职业技术学院,广东中山528436 [2]中山职业技术学院,广东中山528400 [3]茂名职业技术学院,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（理科版）》2020年第3期262-267,273,共7页Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science)

基　　金：广东省科技厅基金资助项目(2015A010105003)。

摘　　要：采用溶胶凝胶-常压分级干燥法,以甲基三甲氧基硅烷、正硅酸乙酯为混合前驱体,以陶瓷纤维为增强相制备了CF/SiO2气凝胶复合材料。分析了反应物组成和反应条件对CF/SiO2气凝胶性能及其制备过程的影响。当TEOS、MTMS、EtOH、H2O、HCl、NH3·H2O的摩尔比为0.4:0.6:6:5:2×10^-3:3×10^-3,加入0.8 wt%陶瓷纤维,制得轻质疏水、综合性能俱佳的隔热材料。采用扫描电镜、N2吸附-脱附曲线、接触角测定、力学性能试验等进行表征,CF/SiO2气凝胶具有纳米多孔网状结构,陶瓷纤维与SiO2气凝胶基体结合紧密,干燥收缩率为4.06%,抗压强度(10%应变)为118 kPa,水接触角为144°,比表面积为636.7m^2·g^-1,平均孔径为8.6nm,导热系数为0.0207 W/(m·K)。CF/SiO2 aerogel composites were prepared by sol-gel and atmospheric drying with methyltrimethoxysilane and tetraethyl orthosilicate as precursors and ceramic fibers as reinforcing phases.The effects of reactant composition and reaction conditions on the properties and preparation process of CF/SiO2 aerogels were analyzed.The lightweight,hydrophobic and comprehensive thermal insulation material with good comprehensive properties is prepared as the molar ratio of TEOS,MTMS,EtOH,H2O,HCl and NH3·H2O is 0.40.6652×10^-33×10^-3,and 0.8wt%ceramic fiber is added.SEM,N2adsorption desorption curves,contact angle measurement and mechanical properties test were used to characterize the CF/SiO2 aerogels.The results showed that the CF/SiO2 aerogels had nano porous network structure,and the ceramic fibers were tightly bonded with the SiO2 aerogel matrix.The drying shrinkage rate was 4.06%,the compressive strength was 118 kPa at 10%strain,the water contact angle was 144 degrees,the specific surface area was 636.7 m^2·g^-1,the average pore diameter was 8.6nm,and the thermal conductivity coefficient was 0.0207W/(m·K).

关 键 词：陶瓷纤维 SIO2气凝胶 常温干燥 溶胶凝胶 隔热性能 

分 类 号：O643.32[理学—物理化学]