生物柴油氧化机理及其润滑性演变分析  

Analysis on oxidation mechanism and lubricity evolution of biodiesel

作　　者：周大平[1] 魏海军[1] 王忠诚[1] 吴刚[1] 丘烨[1] ZHOU Daping;WEI Haijun;WANG Zhongcheng;WU Gang;QIU Ye(Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学商船学院,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海事大学学报》2020年第3期105-109,116,共6页Journal of Shanghai Maritime University

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会自然科学基金(17ZR1412700)。

摘　　要：由于生物柴油的氧化安定性较差,导致其无法大规模应用。为找出生物柴油氧化后成分变化及其对油液润滑性的影响,对体积分数为5%、10%、20%、50%和100%的B5、B10、B20、B50、B100生物柴油进行氧化,并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱分析和四球机摩擦磨损实验对生物柴油的氧化产物及氧化后油液的润滑性进行检测。实验结果显示,在生物柴油氧化过程中CC不饱和键和酯基中的CO羰基含量下降,但是氢过氧化物以及羧酸、醛、酮类含氧化物含量增加。随着氧化实验的进行,生物柴油的氧化促进了油液润滑性的提高,且在氧化8 h时测试出的磨斑直径最小即润滑性最好;超过8 h后,生物柴油的酸值对油膜的破坏导致其润滑性能下降。因此,生物柴油短时间内氧化有助于提高油液的润滑性,但长时间氧化会导致酸值过高降低其润滑性。Because of the poor oxidation stability of biodiesel,it can not be used on a large scale.In order to find out the composition change after oxidation of biodiesel and its effect on the lubricity,the oxidation of B5,B10,B20,B50,B100 biodiesel with volume fraction of 5%,10%,20%,50%and 100%is carried out,and the oxidation products of biodiesel and the lubricity of oxidized biodiesel are tested by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis and the four-ball friction tester.Experimental results show that during the oxidation process of biodiesel,the CC unsaturated bond content and the CO carbonyl content decrease,but the content of hydroperoxide and carboxylic acid,aldehyde and ketone oxides increases.With the progress of oxidation,the oxidation of biodiesel promotes the lubricity,and through 8 h oxidation,the wear spot diameter measured is smallest,which shows that the oxidized biodiesel is of the best lubricity.After 8 h,the lubricity decreases because of the destruction of the oil film by the acid value of biodiesel.Therefore,the oxidation of biodiesel in a short period of time helps to improve the lubricity,but a long period of oxidation leads to excessively high acid value to reduce its lubricity.

关 键 词：生物柴油 氧化 官能团 润滑分析 

分 类 号：U677[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] TQ517.4[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]