开封市区近黄河地区地下水化学特征及成因分析  

An Analysis of Chemical Characteristics and Causes of Groundwater near the Yellow River in Kaifeng City

作　　者：杜青辉 屈吉鸿[2] 宋全香 DU Qing-hui;QU Ji-hong;SONG Quan-xiang(Henan Water and Power Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd Zhengzhou 450016, China;North China University of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China)

机构地区：[1]河南省水利勘测设计研究有限公司,郑州450016 [2]华北水利水电大学,郑州450045

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2020年第9期172-176,181,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：水利部水资源管理、节约与保护重点项目(12630002);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(14A170006)。

摘　　要：为研究开封市区近黄河地区地下水化学形成机制及地表水对地下水水化学的影响,采用地下水水化学组分基本特征、舒卡列夫分类、Piper三线图、离子比例系数等方法对该区地下水展开了系统研究。结果表明:研究区地下水离子变异系数基本大于地表水,其中Na+、Cl-变异系数较大,HCO-3变异系数较小,水化学类型由HCO·SO4·Cl·Na·Ca型转为HCO·Ca·Na·Mg型;地表水和地下水中主要离子间相关系数相差不大,Na+的来源是盐岩溶解和其他含钠矿物的溶解,Ca^2+、Mg^2+主要来源于碳酸盐和硅酸盐矿物;自北向南,随着距离地表水越来越远,地下水中水动力作用有小幅度增强,Na+富集程度则有略微上升;地下水中靠近铁路和地表水的取样点水质污染小于市中心取样点,污染物来源除矿物溶解外,人类活动的影响同样不可忽视。To study the formation mechanism of groundwater chemistry and the influence of surface water on groundwater hydrochemistry near the Yellow River in Kaifeng City,the basic characteristics of groundwater chemical composition,Shukalev classification,piper three line graphic,and ion ratio coefficient method are used to systematically study the groundwater.The results show that the coefficients of variation of groundwater ions in the study area are basically lmore than those of surface water,in which the coefficients of variation of Na+and Cl-are larger and the coefficient of variation of HCO-3 is smaller,the hydro-chemical types changes from HCO·SO4·Cl·Na·Ca type to HCO·Ca·Na·Mg type.The correlation coefficient between the main ions of surface water and groundwater is not significantly different,the source of Na+is the dissolution of salt rocks and other sodium-containing minerals,Ca^2+and Mg^2+mainly come from carbonate and silicate minerals.From North to South,with the distance from surface water,the hydrodynamic effect on groundwater is slightly enhanced;the concentration of Na+also increases slightly.The sampling sites near the railway and surface water in the groundwater are less polluted than those in the city center,besides mineral dissolution,the influence of human activities cannot be ignored.

关 键 词：地表水 地下水 水化学 开封市 

分 类 号：TV211.12[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P641.12[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]