祁连山区风速和风向时空变化特征  

Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Average Wind Speed and Direction in the Qilian Mountains,China

作　　者：付建新 曹广超[2,3] 郭文炯[1] FU Jianxin;CAO Guangchao;GUO Wenjiong(Institute of Urban and Regional Development, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China;Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation, Xining 810008, China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院城镇与区域发展研究所,山西晋中030619 [2]青海师范大学青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,西宁810008 [3]青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室,西宁810008

出　　处：《山地学报》2020年第4期495-506,共12页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0404304);青海省科学技术厅自然基金项目(2018-ZJ-903);祁连山国家公园青海研究中心开放项目(GKQ2019-01)。

摘　　要：分析山地的风速和风向,对认识山地地区的气候变化和合理利用风力资源具有重要的意义。本文基于祁连山区11个气象站点的平均风速、最大风速和最大风速的风向数据,利用多种数学方法和ArcGIS空间分析法对风速和风向的时空变化分布规律作了探讨。结果表明:(1)祁连山区春季的平均风速和最大风速是年内风速变化的峰值区,其中中段和东段的最大风速出现在冬季。(2)全区的平均风速和最大风速年变化整体均呈下降趋势,下降率分别为-0.07和-1.56 m·s^-1·(10a)^-1。(3)1970—1979年风力资源最丰富;年际和季节(冬季除外)平均风速的突变均发生在1993年,东段和中段的平均风速均在1990—1999年发生突变,全区和各个区段平均风速的周期均为22a。(4)祁连山区平均风速自西向东呈递减趋势。(5)最大风速的风向以西南风为主,而东段则以偏东南风为主。Research on wind speed and direction in mountainous areas play an important role in understanding climate change and utilizing wind resources rationally.Based on the records of average wind speed,maximum wind speed and direction collected at 11 meteorological stations in the Qilian Mountains,spatial and temporal distribution of wind speed and direction was analyzed by using multiple mathematical and ArcGIS spatial analysis methods.Main conclusions were as follows.First,average and maximum wind speed in spring were the highest in a year,and the wind speed in the middle and east segments reached maximum in winter.Second,inter-annual variability of average and maximum wind speed presented a downward trend with a variation rate of-0.07 and-1.56 m·s^-1·(10a)^-1.Third,wind resources were the most abundant from 1970 to 1979;The annual and seasonal(excepted winter)average wind speed changed abruptly in 1993,abrupt changes in the average wind speed was most pronounced in the eastern and middle sections from 1990 to 1999;The circle of the average wind speed was 22a in the entire study area and its sections.forth,average wind speed showed a decreasing trend from west to east in the research area.Lastly,wind direction of maximum wind speed was dominated by southwest wind and it was dominated by southeast wind at the eastern segment.

关 键 词：平均风速 最大风速的风向 时空变化 祁连山区 

分 类 号：P942[天文地球—自然地理学]