运用Gash修正模型对祁连山北麓中段青海云杉林降水截留的模拟  

Application of Modified Gash Model to Simulate Rainfall Interception of Picea Crassifolia Forest in the Middle of the Northern Slope of Qilian Mountain

作　　者：武秀荣 金铭 赵维俊 敬文茂 马剑 赵晶忠 王荣新 马雪娥 WU Xiurong;JIN Ming;ZHAO Weijun;JING Wenmao;MA Jian;ZHAO Jingzhong;WANG Rongxin;MA Xuee(Gansu Province Qilian Water Resource Conservation Forests Research Institue,Zhangye,Gansu 734000;Gansu Key Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Resources of Forest Ecology and Frozen Soil,Zhangye,Gansu 734000;Gansu Qilian Mountain Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Zhangye,Gansu 734000)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院,甘肃张掖734000 [2]甘肃省森林生态与冻土水文水资源重点实验室,甘肃张掖734000 [3]甘肃省祁连山森林生态系统野外科学观测研究站,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2020年第5期216-222,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金重大项目(18JR4RA002);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(17JR5RG351);甘肃祁连山森林生态监测与评估国际科技合作基地建设项目。

摘　　要：选择祁连山北麓中段排露沟流域青海云杉林为研究对象,基于2019年生长季(5-9月)降水截留观测数据、气象数据和林地调查资料,对其降水截留过程进行分析,运用Gash修正模型模拟青海云杉林降水截留过程。结果表明:研究期间林外大气降雨总量为418.7 mm,降雨主要为中、小雨。穿透雨量、树干茎流量、林冠截留量分别为284.5,6.7,127.5 mm,占大气降雨总量的比例分别为67.94%,1.60%,30.46%。根据Gash修正模型模拟结果,穿透雨量、树干茎流量、林冠截留量值分别为302.2,3.7,112.8 mm,占大气降雨总量的比例分别为72.18%,0.88%,26.94%,与实测值相比,三者的相对误差分别为6.22%,44.78%,11.53%。通过对Gash修正模型参数敏感性分析,参数在-50%~50%的变化过程中对林冠截留率的影响排序为E>c>R>S>S t>P t。总体来说,Gash修正模型在祁连山青海云杉林降水截留的模拟运用中表现出很好的拟合效果,研究成果可为开展祁连山青海云杉林水分循环研究提供一定参考。This study selected Picea crassifolia forest which in the Pailugou catchment of the middle of the northern slope of the Qilian Mountains as objects.Based on the observation data of rainfall interception,meteorological data and forestland investigation data in the growing season(May to September)of 2019,the rainfall interception process was analyzed,and the rainfall interception process of P.crassifolia forest was simulated by using modified Gash model.The results showed that the total amount of atmospheric rainfall outside the forest during the study period was 418.7 mm,and the rainfall was mainly moderate and light rain.The throughfall,trunk stem flow and canopy interception was 284.5,6.7 and 127.5 mm,respectively,accounting for 67.94%,1.60%and 30.46%of the total atmospheric rainfall,respectively.According to the simulation results of modified Gash model,the corresponding simulated value of throughfall,trunk stem flow and canopy interception was 302.2,3.7 and 112.8 mm,respectively,accounting for 72.18%,0.88%and 26.94%of the total atmospheric rainfall,respectively.Compared with the measured values,the relative errors of the above parameters were 6.22%,44.78%and 11.53%.According to the parameters sensitivity analysis of the modified Gash model,the influence of the parameters on the canopy interception rate during the change process of-50%to 50%followed the order of E>c>R>S>S t>P t.In conclusion,the modified Gash model showed a good fitting effect in the simulation of rainfall interception of P.crassifolia forest in Qilian Mountains.The research results provide references for the research of the water cycle of P.crassifolia forest in Qilian Mountains.

关 键 词：降水截留 Gash修正模型 青海云杉林 敏感性分析 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学]