氮掺杂多孔碳材料的制备及其多功能应用研究  

Preparation and Multifunctional Applications of Nitrogen-doped Porous Carbon Materials

作　　者：高慧敏 王千 曹作林 任世杰[1] Hui-min Gao;Qian Wang;Zuo-lin Cao;Shi-jie Ren(State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering,College of Polymer Science and Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065)

机构地区：[1]四川大学高分子科学与工程学院高分子材料工程国家重点实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《高分子学报》2020年第10期1160-1168,I0005,共10页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号51973128,21574087);四川省科技计划项目(项目号2019YFG0277,2019YJ0128)资助.

摘　　要：使用Suzuki偶联反应合成含氮共轭微孔聚合物作为碳化前驱体,制备了2种氮掺杂多孔碳材料(C-TNCMP1、C-TNCMP2),研究了碳化过程和结构单元平面性的不同对多孔碳材料二氧化碳吸附和超级电容器性能的影响.碳化得到的2种多孔碳材料具有相似的孔结构,两者都表现出优异的二氧化碳吸附性能,吸附量最高可达3.19 mmol/g.能量储存方面,含有咔唑结构单元的C-TNCMP2由于具有更好的平面性表现出优异的超级电容器性能,其容量在0.1 A/g的电流密度下达219 F/g.此研究可为设计具有良好二氧化碳吸附和能量存储性能的多孔碳材料提供一定的参考意义.Porous carbon materials(PCMs)have drawn wide attention in gas adsorption and energy storage due to their large specific surface areas,physical and chemical stability and structural diversity.Doping heteroatoms such as nitrogen species has been considered as a reasonable method to enhance the application performance of PCMs by improving the interactions between PCMs and adsorbates.However,heteroatom-doped PCMs prepared with traditional methods such as chemical activation have disadvantages of broad pore size distribution and difficulty in accurately locating heteroatoms on the skeleton of PCMs,thus limiting their applications in gas adsorption and energy storage.Conjugated microporous polymers(CMPs)with excellent structural controllability and permanent microporous properties are considered to be a new choice for the preparation of PCMs.In this work,two nitrogen-doped PCMs with different structural units were prepared by using CMPs as the precursors.First of all,two CMPs(TNCMP1,TNCMP2)were synthesized by Pd-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction.Then the CMPs were pyrolyzed at 700℃ to give two PCMs(C-TNCMP1,C-TNCMP2).The effects of carbonization and planarity adjustment on carbon dioxide(CO2)adsorption and supercapacitor performance of the PCMs were studied.Compared with their precursors,the obtained PCMs exhibit narrower pore size distribution and higher microporosity up to 93%.Thus,both of the PCMs show higher CO2 adsorption ability than their precursors,among which the CO2 adsorption capability of C-TNCMP1 is up to 3.19 mmol/g.Compared with C-TNCMP1,CTNCMP2 with better structural planarity has larger graphite nitrogen content of 57.39 at%and higher conductivity of 3.89×10^-5 S/m,thus showing better supercapacitor performance.C-TNCMP2 exhibits a decent specific capacitance of 219 F/g at the current density of 0.1 A/g and a good rate capability at high current density.This work could provide a rational principle for the preparation of high performance porous carbon materials for the applications of gas adsorption

关 键 词：多孔碳材料 氮掺杂 二氧化碳吸附 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工]