国家公园游客与居民旅游生态补偿支付意愿及影响因素对比研究--以青海祁连风光旅游区为例  

A Comparative Study on the Willingness to Pay and the Influencing Factors of Tourists'and Residents'Tourism Eco-compensation in National Parks:A Case Study of Qinghai Qilian Scenic Tourist Area

作　　者：李興来 肖景义 LI Xinglai;XIAO Jingyi(College of Geography Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining Qinghai 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process in Qinghai Province,Qinghai Normal University,Xining Qinghai 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学地理科学学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海师范大学青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《生态经济》2020年第10期129-133,共5页Ecological Economy

基　　金：青海省科技厅项目“青海北祁连地区地质旅游资源经济价值评估与保护开发模式研究”(2018-ZJ-789);青海省社会科学规划项目“基于大数据的青海省国家公园类景区游客关注度与满意度研究”(19027);青海省级智库重点研究项目“新时代青海地学旅游发展研究”(ZK18014)。

摘　　要：以青海祁连风光旅游区为案例地,采用条件价值法(CVM)进行游客与居民旅游生态补偿支付意愿及其影响因素的对比分析。结果表明:(1)2018年祁连风光旅游区游客和居民旅游生态补偿支付意愿分别在4.42×10^7〜9.45×10^7元和0.66×10^6〜3.0×10^6元之间。(2)游客与居民旅游生态补偿支付意愿的差异主要是在常住地-旅游地二元环境下,个体特征方面,二者的支付意愿与其经济、职业、文化水平呈正相关,年龄与支付意愿呈"N"型关系;心理感知方面,游憩功能感知与人文环境感知分别成为影响游客与居民支付意愿的第一位因素,生态环境感知则成为第三位因素。因此,游客更多扮演了消费者角色,居民更多扮演的是纳税人角色,使得游客比居民更有意愿且有能力"购买"良好的生态环境这种特殊的"商品"。Taking Qinghai Qilian Scenic Tourist Area as an example,this paper makes a comparative analysis of tourists’ and residents’ willingness to pay for tourism eco-compensation and its influencing factors by using contingent valuation method(CVM).The results show that:(1) In 2018,the willingness to pay for tourism eco-compensation of visitors and residents in Qilian scenic tourism area is between 4.42×10^7〜9.45×10^7 yuan and 0.66×10^6〜3.0×10^6 yuan,respectively.(2) The tourists and residents travel willingness to pay differences is mainly in local ecological compensation-binary tourist environment,individual characteristics,the willingness to pay (WTP) both positively correlated with its economic,professional and cultural level,the relationship between age and willingness to pay is "N" type.In terms of psychological perception,recreation function perception and cultural environment perception respectively become the first factor influencing tourists’ and residents’ willingness to pay,and ecological environment perception becomes the third factor influencing them.To sum up,tourists always play the role of consumers and residents play the role of taxpayers,which makes tourists more willing and able to "buy" the special "goods" of good ecological environment than residents.

关 键 词：国家公园 游客和居民 CVM 旅游生态补偿支付意愿 影响因素 青海祁连风光旅游区 

分 类 号：F590.3[经济管理—旅游管理]