2009-2018年西安市麻风流行特征分析  

Epidemiological Analysis of Leprosy in Xi'an City,From 2009 to 2018

作　　者：何姗姗[1] 李平[1] 时学花[1] 董璐[1] 靳玲[1] 姚培杰[1] HE Shanshan;LI Ping;SHI Xuehua;DONG Lu;JIN Ling;YAO Peijie(Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《中国皮肤性病学杂志》2020年第10期1193-1196,共4页The Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology

摘　　要：目的了解2009-2018年西安市麻风流行特征,为今后麻风防治工作提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2009-2018年西安市麻风的流行病学特征进行分析。结果2009-2018年西安市共发现麻风患者24例,新发21例,复发3例;郊县19例(79.17%);年均发现率为0.03/10万,年均患病率为0.11/10万。21例新发病例的男女比例为0.4:1,平均年龄46岁;初中及以下文化程度16例(76.19%),农民16例(76.19%);BL和LL病例16例(76.19%),确诊时查菌阳性18例(85.71%);Ⅱ级畸残5例(23.81%),确诊延迟期≥2年者14例(66.67%),平均延迟期为41.08个月;13例传染来源不明(61.90%),被动发现18例(85.71%)。3例复发病例均为初中及以下文化程度的男性农民,均为临床MB-LL型且伴Ⅱ级畸残病例,平均确诊延迟期为125 d,平均复发间隔为15.8年,均为被动发现病例,2例(66.67%)传染来源不明。结论西安市麻风处于低流行水平,被动发现患者比例较高,应提高乡村医生和皮肤科医生的麻防专业知识和技能,达到早发现、缩短诊断延迟期、降低畸残率的目的。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in Xi'an from 2009 to 2018.Methods The epidemiological characteristics of new reported leprosy cases were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method in Xi'an from 2009 to 2018.Results From 2009 to 2018,a total of 24 cases of leprosy patients were reported in Xi'an,including 21 new cases and 3 relapse cases,19(79.17%)cases were in suburban counties,the detection rate of average annual was 0.03/100 000,and the prevalence rate of average annual was 0.11/100 000.In 21 new cases,the ratio of male to female was 0.4:1,and the average age was 46 years old,16(76.19%)patients had a junior high school education or below,and 16(76.19%)patients were farmers,there were 16(76.19%)cases of BL and LL,and 18(85.71%)cases had positive skin bacteria detection at the time of diagnosis,5(23.81%)cases were Ⅱ grade disability,14(66.67%)cases with diagnosis delay more than 2 years,the average diagnosis delay period was 41.08 months,13(61.90%)cases infection source was unknown,and 18(85.71%)cases were found passively.In 3 relapse cases,they were all male,farmer and with junior high school or below education level,and they were all clinical MB-LL cases with Ⅱ grade disability,the average diagnosis delay period was 125 days,the average recurrence interval was 15.8 years,the relapse cases were all passive detection and 2(66.67%)cases with unknown infection source.Conclusion Leprosy in Xi'an is at a low prevalence level,and the proportion of patients with passive detection is high.The expertise and skills of leprosy prevention for rural doctors and dermatologists should be improved to diagnosis and treatmen of leprosy timely.

关 键 词：麻风 流行特征 西安市 

分 类 号：R755.01[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]