2006-2016年皖西地区有毒有害作业工人健康监护分析  

Health monitoring analysis of toxic exposed workers in Western Anhui Province from 2006 to 2016

作　　者：刘磊[1] 程婷婷 唐昆[1] 孙婕[1] 吕勇[1] 刘晓东 徐沛东 许佳佳 李鹏飞[1] 姜正好[1] 李开春[1] LIU Lei;CHENG Ting-ting;TANG Kun;SUN Jie;LV Yong;LIU Xiao-dong;XU Pei-dong;XU Jia-jia;LI Peng-fei;JIANG Zheng-hao;LI Kai-chun(Lu'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lu'an 2370059,China)

机构地区：[1]六安市疾病预防控制中心,安徽六安237005 [2]六安市卫生局卫生监督局,安徽六安237005 [3]皖南医学院公共卫生学院,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2020年第5期353-359,共7页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的分析2006-2016年皖西地区有毒有害作业工人健康监护数据,为职业健康监护工作提供参考。方法收集11年间皖西地区通过职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统报告的有毒有害作业工人健康监护汇总表数据,从职业健康监护的企业特征、体检年度特征、涉及职业危害因素类别和重点职业病危害因素特征、所属县区分布特征进行分析。结果 2006-2016年皖西地区共有630家企业34 659人次作业工人进行了职业健康检查,职业健康监护的企业数量、实检人次数均呈现逐年增加。11年间检出职业禁忌证258例,平均检出率为0.75%(258/34 616);检出疑似职业病32例,平均检出率为0.09%(32/34 659);职业禁忌证、疑似职业病累积检出率随累积年数增加呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。职业健康监护的企业数量以小型(43.65%)、私有经济(80.16%)、制造业(69.84%)占比较高,职业健康监护的人次数以中型(45.87%)、私有经济(55.39%)、制造业(67.21%)以及接触粉尘类(37.40%)占比较高。职业禁忌证检出率较高的企业特征是小型(1.08%)、港澳台经济(3.79%)、农、林、牧、渔业(2.45%)、接触其他类职业病危害因素类别(3.25%)、霍山县(1.59%),且企业规模、经济类型、行业分类、职业病危害因素类别和县区间职业禁忌证检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);疑似职业病检出率较高的企业特征是大型(0.14%)、国有经济(0.15%)、采矿业(0.13%)、接触化学因素类(0.18%)、金安区(0.17%),且职业病危害因素类别和县区间疑似职业病检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。重点职业病危害因素以噪声和矽尘的实检人次数最多,占73.80%(12 667/17 165),检出职业禁忌证207例,检出率为1.21%(207/17 156);检出疑似职业病13例,检出率为0.08%(13/17 165)。2个区实检人次数之和较5个县高55.18%。结论皖西地区"十三五"期间职业健康监护工作重点企业为县级、中小规模、私�Objective To analyze the health monitoring data of toxic exposed workers in Western Anhui Province from 2006 to 2016,and provide evidence for occupational health surveillance. Methods Data on the health monitoring of toxic exposed workers reported by the Occupational Diseases and Occupational Health Information Monitoring System in the Western Anhui Province during the period of 2006-2016(totally 11 years)was collected. The anlysis included the characteristics of the enterprise of occupational health surveillance,the annual characteristics of the medical examination,the categories of occupational hazards and the characteristics of key occupational hazards,as well as the distribution characteristics of the county. Results From 2006 to 2016,a total of 630 companies in Western Region of Anhui Province had 34 659 workers who had undergone occupational health checks,with increasing trend in the number of enterprises and actual inspecting person-times of the occupational health every year. During the perios of the past 11 years,258 cases of occupational contraindications were detected,the average detection rate was 0.75%(258/34 616);32 cases of suspected occupational diseases were detected,the average detection rate was 0.09%(32/34 659). The cumulative detection rate of occupational contraindications,suspected occupational diseases showed a downward trend with the increase of cumulative years(P<0.05).The higher percentage of occupational health surveillance among the enterprises was found in small size enterprises,(43.65%),the private economy enterprises(80.16%),and the manufacturing industry(69.84%). But higher percentage of the person-times for occupational health surveillance was the medium size enterprises(45.87%),private economy enterprises(55.39%),manufacturing industries(67.21%)and workers exposed to dust(37.40%).The characteristics of enterprises with the higher rate of detection of occupational contraindications were the small size enterprises(1.08%),the enterprises invested from Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan(3.7

关 键 词：职业健康监护 有毒有害 健康检查 疑似职业病 职业禁忌证 检出率 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]