北京市顺义区环卫女工生殖健康状况调查分析  

Investigation of the reproductive health status of sanitation female workers in Shunyi District of Beijing

作　　者：张丽 胡在方[1] 胡洁[1] 甄国新[1] 周国伟[1] 周亮[1] ZHANG Li;HU Zai-fang;HU Jie;ZHEN Guo-xin;ZHOU Guo-wei;ZHOU Liang(Beijing Shunyi District Center For Disease Control And Prevention,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心,北京101300

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2020年第5期375-378,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解北京市顺义区环卫女工生殖健康状况。方法对该区全部325名环卫女工进行普查,调查对象完成调查表填写。问卷内容主要包括基本情况、职业情况、生殖健康状况、职业压力等。结果环卫女工生殖系统感染性疾病患病率为13.2%,患病率前3位分别为宫颈炎(5.5%)、阴道炎(5.2%)、盆腔炎(3.1%);肿瘤患病率为15.1%,前3位分别为子宫肌瘤(12.3%)、乳腺肿瘤(1.8%)、甲状腺肿瘤(0.03%);月经异常率为24.0%,异常原因主要是月经周期紊乱(12.3%),月经经量减少(9.2%),月经持续天数变化(6.8%)。不同年龄组间生殖道感染性疾病患病率(χ^2=0.388,P>0.05)、肿瘤患病率(χ^2=0.955,P>0.05)、月经异常患病率(χ^2=1.623,P>0.05)比较,差异无统计意义。环卫女工不孕症患病率为20.4%,妊娠特有疾病患病率为10.5%,不良妊娠结局患病率为8.3%。环卫女工不孕、孕期特有疾病、不良妊娠结局这三者与妇科肿瘤家族史、流产史、生殖道感染性疾病、自身患肿瘤情况、月经正常与否、HPV患病情况这6因素之间没有关系。结论危害环卫女工生殖健康的感染性疾病主要是宫颈炎和阴道炎,孕期特有疾病和不良妊娠结局的患病率较高需引起注意,应加强对环卫女工的健康教育,定期开展妇科检查,切实保障环卫女工的生殖健康。Objective To investigate the reproductive health status of sanitation female workers in Shunyi District of Beijing.Methods A census of sanitation female workers in Shunyi District was conducted.325 participants participated and completed the questionnaire.The main contents of the questionnaire include:basic conditions,occupational conditions,health status,reproductive health,occupational stress,etc.Results The prevalence rate of reproductive tract infections was 13.23%.The top three of reproductive tract infections were cervicitis(5.5%)、vaginitis(5.2%)、pelvic inflammatory disease(3.1%).The prevalence of cancer was 15.1%,The top three of cancer were uterine fibroids(12.3%)、breast cancer(1.8%)、thyroid tumor(0.03%).The rate of menstrual abnormalities was 24.0%,and the main reason for the menstrual abnormalities were abnormal menstrual cycle(12.3%),menstrual flow decreased(9.2%),duration of menstruation(6.8%).Among different age groups,the prevalence rate of reproductive tract infections(χ^2=0.388,P>0.05)、the prevalence rate of cancer(χ^2=0.955,P>0.05)、the prevalence rate of menstrual abnormalities(χ^2=1.623,P>0.05)weren’t statistically significant.Among sanitation female workers,the prevalence rate of infertility was 20.4%,the prevalence rate of pregnancy-specific diseases was 10.5%,the prevalence rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 8.3%.There were no relationship between these three(infertility,pregnancy-specific diseases,adverse pregnancy outcomes)and these six factors(gynecologic cancer family history,abortion history,genital tract infections,their own cancer,menstruation is normal or not,HPV prevalence).Conclusions Diseases that jeopardize the reproductive health of sanitation female workers are mainly cervicitis and vaginitis.Higher prevalence of specific diseases during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes should pay more attention.Health education for sanitation workers should be strengthened,and regular gynecological examinations should be carried out to effectively protect reproducti

关 键 词：环卫女工 生殖健康 孕期特有疾病 不良妊娠结局 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]