民族志视野中的“少数民族社会历史调查”研究  

A STUDY OF THESOCIAL-HISTORICAL INVESTIGATION ON ETHNIC GROUPSFROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ETHNOGRAPHY

作　　者：王璐[1] Wang Lu

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学文学与新闻学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《广西民族研究》2020年第4期50-59,共10页GUANGXI ETHNIC STUDIES

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目“20世纪下半叶西南民族志研究”(16XMZ033);西南民族大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究中心资助项目(20GTZDB04)资助

摘　　要：1956-1964年的中国“少数民族社会历史调查”是中国特定时期对中国少数民族的认知,是二十世纪上半叶中国人类学调查的延续与变化,其文本体现了学术与政治的双重渗透。本文将其放在民族志的视阈下进行探讨,用人类学的相关研究方法,对比新中国之前的民族调查,审视调查者在全景式的认知少数民族的过程中,如何借用民族志,利用其异质性特征,完成对中国的“原始社会史”及少数民族社会性质的认定并将其纳入中华民族的整体叙事中。民族大调查形成了对中国的整体再认知,为今天铸牢中华民族共同体意识打下了坚实的基础。From 1956 to 1964,the Social-Historical Investigation on Ethnic Groups in Chinais a cognition of Chinese ethnic groups in specific period,and also the continuation and change of Chinese anthropological survey in the first half of the 20th century.Its text embodies a double infiltration by politics and academia.This article discusses the investigation from the perspective of ethnography,by using the relevant research methods in anthropology,compares it with the ethnic surveys before the establishment of new China,examines how the investigators,in the process of a panoramic cognition of ethnic groups,finish the cognizance of Chinese history of primitive society and social nature of ethnic groups by applying ethnography and focusing on ethnic groups’different characteristics,as well as integrate them into the overall narratives of Chinses nation.This great ethnic investigation forms a whole re-cognition of China and build up a solid foundation for constructing today’s Chinese nation community consciousness.

关 键 词：民族志 “少数民族社会历史调查” 原始社会史 社会性 

分 类 号：K281[历史地理—历史学]