碳酸钙及其与壳聚糖联用对石灰性土壤铬污染的钝化效应  

Passivation effects of calcium carbonate with/without chitosan on chromium pollution in calcareous soil

作　　者：常会庆[1] 徐富锦 潘亚杰 CHANG Huiqing;XU Fujin;PAN Yajie(College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2020年第9期1665-1671,共7页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0801304);国家自然科学基金(41571319)。

摘　　要：为探索石灰性土壤上铬污染修复的有效方法,采用田间试验,探究碳酸钙及其与壳聚糖联用对土壤铬污染的钝化效果。结果表明:供试土壤中铬的主要存在形态为残渣态,占总铬含量的71.28%。外源铬的添加显著(P<0.05)增加了土壤中各形态铬的含量,尤以氧化态铬含量增加较多,可占总铬含量的76%以上,而水溶态铬含量最低只有0.45%。施用碳酸钙或碳酸钙壳聚糖显著(P<0.05)降低了铬污染土壤中水溶态铬的含量,同时显著(P<0.05)增加了残渣态铬的含量。铬污染土壤采用碳酸钙和碳酸钙壳聚糖处理后,铬钝化率分别增加21.64和35.44个百分点。土壤铬污染导致玉米叶片中丙二醛、可溶性蛋白含量和过氧化氢酶活性显著(P<0.05)增加。向铬污染土壤中添加碳酸钙或碳酸钙壳聚糖后,玉米叶片中的丙二醛浓度分别显著(P<0.05)下降20.57%和31.92%。碳酸钙或碳酸钙壳聚糖添加降低了玉米对铬的吸收和富集,与单独添加碳酸钙的处理相比,添加碳酸钙壳聚糖显著(P<0.05)降低了玉米籽粒、根、茎的铬含量,尤其是显著(P<0.05)降低了玉米籽粒对铬的富集系数。该研究结果可为石灰性土壤铬污染的“边生产边修复”提供方法参考。In order to explore the effective method for chromium(Cr)remediation in calcareous soil,a field experiment was carried out to study the passivation effect of calcium carbonate with/without chitosan on Cr pollution.It was shown that in the test soil,the main form of chromium was residual,which accounted for 71.28%of the total Cr content.The addition of exogenous Cr significantly(P<0.05)increased the content of various forms of Cr in soil,especially the oxidizable Cr,which accounted for more than 76%of the total Cr.While,the content of water-soluble Cr was the smallest,and the smallest number was only 0.45%.Addition of calcium carbonate with/without chitosan significantly(P<0.05)reduced the content of water-soluble Cr and significantly(P<0.05)increased the content of residual Cr.Cr-contaminated soils were passivated by addition of calcium carbonate with/without chitosan,of which the passivation rate was increased by 35.44 and 21.64 percent,respectively.The contents of malondialdehyde(MDA)and soluble protein,and catalase(CAT)activity in maize leaves were increased under Cr pollution.MDA content in maize leaves was significantly(P<0.05)decreased by 31.92%and 20.57%by addition of calcium carbonate with/without chitosan.Compared with addition of calcium carbonate alone,the addition of calcium carbonate with chitosan significantly(P<0.05)reduced Cr content in maize grains,roots and stems,and significantly(P<0.05)reduced the enrichment factor of Cr in maize grains.The present study provided method reference for the remediation of Cr contaminated calcareous soil.

关 键 词：石灰性土壤 铬污染 玉米 碳酸钙 壳聚糖 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]