蘑菇渣和蚯蚓粪对大棚土壤理化性质和青菜生长的影响  

Effects of mushroom residue and earthworm culture on soil physicochemical properties and growth of Chinese cabbage in greenhouse

作　　者：葛立傲 刘小英[1] 罗杰[1] 张芝雯 GE Li’ao;LIU Xiaoying;LUO Jie;ZHANG Zhiwen(Jinshan District Vegetable Technology Promotion Center in Shanghai,Shanghai 201599,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市金山区蔬菜技术推广中心,上海201599

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2020年第9期54-56,共3页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

摘　　要：以设施大棚青菜为研究对象,比较了施用蚯蚓粪、蘑菇渣和常规施肥对土壤理化性质、青菜产量以及青菜品质的影响。结果表明:施用蘑菇渣和蚯蚓粪,土壤理化性质有了明显改善,其中,蚯蚓粪处理相比于常规施肥,土壤中有机质、水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾、水溶性盐质量分数分别提高2.1%、24.6%、8.8%、26.7%、61.9%。施用蘑菇渣与常规施肥相比,水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾质量分数分别提高23.6%、35.3%、29.1%;蚯蚓粪比常规施肥的青菜产量提高20.2%。蚯蚓粪和蘑菇渣相比于常规施肥,单株高、展开长度、展开宽度、叶片数、最大叶长、最大叶宽、最大叶柄长、最大叶柄宽、最大叶柄厚都有明显的提高;而青菜中的总糖、维生素C含量相比于常规施肥都有一定提高,总糖含量分别提高了39.8%、40.7%;总酸含量分别提高了10%、3.3%;维生素C含量分别提高了51.1%、44.4%。The effects of earthworm manure,mushroom residue and conventional fertilization on the physical and chemical properties of soil,yield and quality of green vegetables were compared.The results showed that the physical and chemical properties of the soil were significantly improved by the cultivation of mushroom residue and earthworm.Compared with the conventional fertilization,the organic matter,hydrolytic nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and water-soluble salt in the soil increased by 2.8%,24.6%,8.8%,16.7%and 61.9%,respectively.Compared with conventional fertilization,hydrolytic nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were increased by 23.6%,35.3%and29.1%after applying mushroom residue;the yield of green vegetables was increased by 20.2%under earthworm culture compared with conventional fertilization;compared with conventional fertilization,single plant height,spreading length,spreading width,leaf number,maximum leaf length,maximum leaf width,maximum petiole length,maximum petiole length were increased under earthworm culture.The maximum petiole width and the maximum petiole thickness were significantly increased;while the contents of total sugar and vitamin C in green vegetables were increased by 39.8%and40.7%compared with the conventional fertilization,the total acid contents were increased by 9%and 3.3%respectively compared with the conventional fertilization,and the vitamin C contents were increased by 51.1%and 44.4%compared with the conventional fertilization.

关 键 词：青菜 蚯蚓粪 蘑菇渣 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]