磷钼酸盐中金属离子对聚丙烯阻燃效率的提升  

Improvement of Metal Caions in Polyoxometalate on Flame Retardant Efficiency of Polypropylene

作　　者：李一敏 王成乐 李娟 LI Yimin;WANG Chengle;LI Juan(Sinopec Zhenhai Refining&Chemical Company,China Petrochemical Corporation,Ningbo 315207,China;Ningbo Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials,Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology&Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司镇海炼化分公司,宁波315207 [2]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,宁波市高分子材料重点实验室,宁波315201

出　　处：《无机材料学报》2020年第9期1029-1033,共5页Journal of Inorganic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51473178);宁波市科技创新团队项目(2015B11005)。

摘　　要：多金属氧酸盐是一类新型催化剂,在很多领域表现出良好的应用价值。改变多金属氧酸盐的金属离子类型可以调节其性能。本研究将磷钼酸(PMA)阴离子与三种不同的金属(镍(Ni)、钠(Na)、锌(Zn))离子反应形成磷钼酸盐(PMos),将其作为催化剂提升膨胀阻燃聚丙烯(PP)的阻燃效率。结果表明,单独添加膨胀阻燃剂(IFR)时,添加量达到25wt%才能使PP复合材料的阻燃等级达到UL-94 V0级别,然而在PP/IFR中添加0.5wt%的磷钼酸钠(NaPMo)或磷钼酸锌(ZnPMo)后,仅需添加14.5wt%IFR即可使PP复合材料达到UL-94 V0级别,而同样的配方下,磷钼酸镍(NiPMo)只能使PP复合材料达到UL-94 V1级别。不同的金属离子在PP/IFR中具有不同的催化活性,其中NaPMo和ZnPMo与IFR的匹配性较好,NiPMo较差。PMos通过促进IFR反应,缓和燃烧过程的热释放速率,并且形成阻隔作用更优良的炭层,提高PP与IFR的匹配性,进而提高了其在UL-94测试中的阻燃效率。Polyoxometalate is a new type of catalyst,which has good application in many fields.The properties of phosphomolybdate(PMo)can be regulated by changing the metal cations.In this work,phosphomolybdic acid(PMA)anions were reacted with three different metal ions(Ni,Na and Zn)to form PMos,which were used as catalysts to improve the flame retardant efficiency of polypropylene/intumescent flame retardant(PP/IFR).The results show that the PP composites can obtain the UL-94 V0 grade of flame retardant efficiency by adding 25wt%IFR.However,if PMo is introduced into PP/IFR system,only 14.5wt%IFR and 0.5wt%sodium phosphomolybdate(NaPMo)or sodium phosphomolybdate(ZnPMo)are needed for PP to achieve the UL-94 V0 grade.While under the same formulation,nickel phosphomolybdate(NiPMo)can only make PP composite obtain the UL-94 V1 grade.Different metal ions have different catalytic activities in PP/IFR,among which NaPMo and ZnPMo match with IFR better than NiPMo.PMos can promote the reactions among IFR,slow down the heat release rate during combustion,and form a char layer with better barrier effect,so as to improve the matching of PP and IFR,and improve the flame retardant efficiency in the UL-94 test.

关 键 词：磷钼酸盐 金属离子 协同 成炭 阻燃效率 

分 类 号：TQ322[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]