襄阳菜越墓出土陶楼明器的文化因素分析  

Analysis of Cultural Elements in the Funerary Pottery Building Unearthed from a Tomb at Caiyue in Xiangyang City

作　　者：尤悦 You Yue

机构地区：[1]中山大学社会学与人类学学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《文博学刊》2020年第2期21-34,共14页Journal of Archaeology and Museology

摘　　要：湖北襄阳樊城区菜越汉末三国墓中出土的陶楼明器在形制上属于东汉时期墓葬中流行的高楼类建筑明器,但两者又有许多不同之处。菜越墓中的陶楼明器器型庞大、制作精致,装饰上吸收了外来的相轮、覆钵、仰月形装饰、扛花童子以及西方厄洛斯图像因素,文化因素十分复杂。文章结合汉晋时期江汉地区佛教发展状况对该陶楼的形制以及装饰进行分析,发现陶楼因吸收了一定的佛教因素,形成了与早期佛塔相似的局部特征,但这些佛教因素已丧失了原有的宗教内涵,更多是作为装饰存在。而且,陶楼与文献中记载的浮图祠也有本质区别,不能将其认定为早期佛塔的实证。A funerary pottery building was unearthed from a Three Kingdoms tomb at Caiyue,Fancheng District in Xiangyang,Hubei.In view of its shape and structure,it could be categorized into the tall building type of funerary objects,which were popular among the burials of the Eastern Han dynasty.However,it appeared to have its own characteristics.The size of this funerary pottery building was extraordinarily large,and its craftsmanship was delicate.The decoration adopted foreign images including Xianglun(disk),covered bowl,crescent-shaped decoration,boy carrying flowers and the Eros from the West,and the cultural elements underneath were very complex.Through analysis on the form and decoration of the pottery building and the development of Buddhism in Jianghan area during the Han and Jin dynasties,this paper found that the pottery building adopted some Buddhist elements to make it bear some features similar to those of earlier pagodas.But these Buddhist elements on the pottery building had already lost their religious meanings,and they existed mainly as a kind of decoration.The unearthed pottery building was fundamentally different from the Futu Ci(Hall of Buddha)recorded in literature,so it should not be recognized as an early form of pagoda.

关 键 词：菜越墓陶楼 建筑明器 文化因素 佛教因素 

分 类 号：K878.9[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]