减压提取及其联合技术在中药挥发油中的研究进展  

Research progress of vacuum extraction and its combined technologies in volatile oil from traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：喻芬 万娜 伍振峰 李远辉 王雅琪 杨明 YU Fen;WAN Na;WU Zhen-feng;LI Yuan-hui;WANG Ya-qi;YANG Ming(State Key Laboratory of Innovation Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment,Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学创新药物与高效节能降耗制药设备国家重点实验室,江西南昌330004

出　　处：《中草药》2020年第13期3561-3568,共8页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81560657);江西省重点研发计划(20192BBG70072);江西省教育厅项目(GJJ180677);江西省卫计委(2018A318);江西省“双一流”学科(中药学)建设项目(JXSYLXK-ZHYAO085);江西省“双一流”学科(中药学)建设项目(JXSYLXK-ZHYAO010);江西省青年科学基金(20161BAB215211)。

摘　　要：随着中药挥发油应用领域的扩大,新型提取技术和方法的研究日益增多。减压蒸馏提取作为一种新型的工艺,通过调控真空度实现溶剂沸点降低,可以保持溶剂处于低温沸腾状态,使挥发油成分不易被破坏。通过文献调研和分析统计,综述减压技术的提取原理、优缺点、应用现状及新型技术与减压提取联合在中药挥发油提取中的应用现状,主要包括瞬时控制压降法、超声联合减压提取、微波联合减压提取和超临界二氧化碳联合减压提取。基于这些新技术和新工艺在中药挥发油中的实际应用,对存在的问题展开分析和讨论,为中药挥发油的提取工艺和设备升级提供新思路。With the expansion of the application field of traditional Chinese medicine volatile oil, the research on novel extraction technology and method is increasing. Vacuum hydrodistillation extraction, a new extraction process, reduces the boiling point of the solvent by adjusting the vacuum degree. Therefore, it can keep the solvent boiling at low temperature, so that the volatile oil components are not easily destroyed. This paper has reviewed the principle, advantages and disadvantages, application status of vacuum technology in the field of traditional Chinese medicine volatile oil and the application of vacuum combined technologies including instant controlled pressure drop, ultrasonic combined vacuum extraction, microwave combined vacuum extraction and supercritical CO2 combined vacuum extraction. Based on the practical application of these new technologies and processes in the field of traditional Chinese medicine volatile oil, the existing problems were analyzed and discussed, which will provides new ideas for the extraction process and equipment upgrade of traditional Chinese medicine volatile oil.

关 键 词：减压提取 联合技术 挥发油 瞬时控制压降法 超声联合减压提取 微波联合减压提取 超临界二氧化碳联合减压提取 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学]