火星风沙地貌研究方法  

Research Methodology of Martian Aeolian Geomorphology

作　　者：董治宝[1] 吕萍[1] 李超[1] Dong Zhibao;Lü Ping;Li Chao(Planetary Aeolian Research Institute,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学行星风沙科学研究院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2020年第8期771-788,共18页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“塔里木盆地周围干燥剥蚀山地风化速率研究”(编号:41930641);“巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山系统的形成”(编号:41871008)资助.

摘　　要：火星探测是深空探测的热点和焦点。中国于2020年实施首次火星探测计划,风沙地貌过程是火星表面最广泛和最活跃的地貌过程,一直是火星研究的重要内容。持续推进火星风沙地貌过程研究需要理论体系和研究方法两个方面的支撑,在目前无法采用实地观测直接获取资料的情况下,探索和提高研究方法的水平尤为重要。从方法论、研究方式和现代技术应用3个层面剖析了火星风沙地貌研究方法。方法论注重归纳法与演绎法,还原论与整体论的辩证统一。研究方式包括探测研究和模拟研究,在地球上选择与火星类似的地方开展类火星研究,也是目前普遍采用的研究方式。充分利用各种遥感观察与探测技术,是火星风沙地貌研究赖以发展的重要基础,模拟实验也一直是风沙地貌学研究的重要手段。在人类无法实施实地调查和观测的情况下,风洞模拟和数值模拟在火星风沙地貌过程以及环境研究方面发挥着重要作用。Martian exploration is the focus and hot topic of deep space exploration,and China implemented the first Martian exploration Program in 2020.Aeolian process is the most extensive and active landform process on the surface of Mars,and has been an important part of Martian research.Sustainable development of Martian aeolian geomorphology research requires the support of theoretical system and research methodology,and research methodology is a key issue when field observations are impossible.We analyzed the research methods of Martian aeolian geomorphology from three aspects:methodology,approach,and application of modern technology.Methodology must focus on the dialectical unity of induction and deduction,reductionism and holism.Research approach includes exploration and numerical simulation,and Mars-like aeolian geomorphology study on Earth is also a common approach.Taking full advantage of remote sensing observations and detection technologies is an important basis for the development of Martian aeolian research.Simulation experiments have been an important part of aeolian geomorphology research.Since the 1980s,the United States,Europe,and Japan have successively built Martian wind tunnels to study various aircrafts in Martian atmosphere.In the absence of field observation,wind tunnel experiment and numerical simulation play an important role in studying the evolution and formation process of aeolian landform and the Martian environment.

关 键 词：火星风沙地貌 遥感探测 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P185.3[天文地球—天文学] P931