雅鲁藏布江流域风成沉积研究进展  

Aeolian Deposits in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin,Southern Tibetan Plateau:A Brief Review

作　　者：杨军怀 夏敦胜[1] 高福元 王树源 陈梓炫 贾佳 杨胜利[1] 凌智永 Yang Junhuai;Xia Dunsheng;Gao Fuyuan;Wang Shuyuan;Chen Zixuan;Jia Jia;Yang Shengli;Ling Zhiyong(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education),College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Geography and Environmental Engineering,Lanzhou City University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州城市学院地理与环境工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,浙江金华321004 [4]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2020年第8期863-877,共15页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合考察研究项目“粉尘气溶胶及其气候环境效应”(编号:2019QZKK0602);兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室开放基金及兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“雅鲁藏布江中上游地区全新世以来风沙活动演变”(编号:lzujbky-2020-kb01)资助.

摘　　要：雅鲁藏布江位于青藏高原南部,流域内广泛发育着地质历史时期以来的黄土沉积和现代风沙沉积,蕴含着风成过程和环境演化的丰富信息。从风成沉积分布特征、堆积年代、沉积物特征、物源及其可能的形成机制以及风沙活动历史等方面综述了近些年雅鲁藏布江流域风成沉积的主要研究进展。结果表明:黄土主要发育于河流阶地及部分山体顶部,多形成于末次冰盛期以后且主要发育于深海氧同位素1阶段(约14 ka BP)以来,而风沙沉积集中发育于河流宽谷段,堆积时间相对较短。沉积物颗粒以机械搬运和物理风化为主,化学风化微弱。尽管沉积物理化性质呈现出一定的空间变化,但仍存在明显的局地特征,与附近地表堆积物联系密切。在风成背景下,黄土的近源成因得到了普遍认可,河谷底部地表松散物质是风成沉积发育的主要物源。风沙活动演变较为复杂,除大区域气候变化外,局地环境也是影响风沙活动及其区域差异的重要因素。未来应加强研究区风成沉积物理化性质、全新世以来的气候变化以及粉尘释放对人类生存环境影响等方面的系统研究。The Yarlung Zangbo River is located in the southern Tibetan Plateau.Loess since the geological history and modern aeolian sand dunes are widely developed in the basin,bearing rich information on the aeolian processes and environmental evolution.In this work,we reviewed the main research progress of aeolian deposits in the Yarlung Zangbo River basin in recent years,and discussed the distribution characteristics,accumulation age,sediment characteristics and provenance and the possible formation mechanism of aeolian deposits and the history of aeolian activity.The results show that loess is mainly developed on the river's terraces and some of the hilltops,and mostly formed since the last glacial maximum and mainly developed since Marine Isotope Stage 1(about 14 ka BP),while aeolian sand deposit is mainly developed in the river's wide valley,with relatively short accumulation time.The sediment particles mainly underwent mechanical transport and physical weathering,but chemical weathering was weak.Although the physical and chemical properties of sediments show some spatial changes,there still exist obvious local characteristics,which are closely related to the nearby surface sediments.Under the background of aeolian source,the local-source genesis of loess is generally recognized.The surface loose material at the bottom of valley is main material source of aeolian deposits.The evolution of aeolian activity is relatively complex.In addition to the regional climate change,the local environment is also an important factor affecting the aeolian activity and its regional difference.Based on the previous studies,we suggest that the systematic study on the physical and chemical properties of aeolian sediments,climate change since the Holocene and the impact of dust emission on human living environment should be strengthened in the future research.

关 键 词：黄土 风成沙 古气候 雅鲁藏布江 青藏高原 

分 类 号：P532[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]