有机微量元素和酵母培养物替代氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响  

Effects of combinations of organic trace minerals and yeast cultures as a replacement of zinc oxide on the growth performance and intestinal healthy in weaned piglets

作　　者：刁慧 晏家友[1,2] 张锦秀 张纯[1,2] 黄崇波 魏小兰[1,2] 周梦佳[1,2,4] DIAO Hui;YAN Jiayou;ZHANG Jinxiu;ZHANG Chun;HUANG Chongbo;WEI Xiaolan;ZHOU Mengjia(Sichuan Academy of Animal Science,Chengdu,Sichuan Province 610066,China;Animal Breeding and Genetics key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu,Sichuan Province 610066,China;SichuanAnimtech Feed Co.,LTD,Chengdu,Sichuan Province 610066,China;Livestock Biological Productskey Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Shuangliu,Sichuan Province 616200,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省畜牧科学研究院,四川成都610066 [2]动物遗传育种四川省重点实验室,四川成都610066 [3]四川省畜科饲料有限公司,四川成都610066 [4]畜禽生物制品四川省重点实验室,四川双流616200

出　　处：《中国饲料》2020年第19期40-48,共9页China Feed

基　　金：四川省应用基础研究项目“新型环保锌源对断奶仔猪肠道健康的调控机理研究”(2018JY0289);四川省科技成果转化项目“基于商品肉猪养殖安全的核心饲料应用技术集成与示范”(2017CC0054);成都市农业技术成果应用示范项目“微量元素健康环保营养技术在主要养殖动物中的应用示范”(2015-NY01-00120-NC)。

摘　　要：为研究有机微量元素和酵母培养物替代氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、养分消化率、肠道形态和肠道屏障功能的影响,试验选择48头28日龄、体重为(9.11±0.44)kg的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,按照体重一致、公母均匀的原则和完全随机区组的设计分为2个处理,即氧化锌组:基础饲粮(微量元素均为无机微量元素,不加锌)+1600 mg/kg氧化锌(以锌计);替代组:基础饲粮(微量元素为复合有机微量元素)+3000 mg/kg酵母培养物。每个处理6个重复,每个重复4头猪。试验期共14 d,于试验第11~14天,采用内源指示剂收粪法,进行消化试验。结果表明:与氧化锌组相比,替代组断奶仔猪1~14 d的平均日采食量和平均日增重显著降低,腹泻率显著增加,但料肉比显著降低(P<0.05)。与氧化锌组相比,替代组断奶仔猪干物质、粗灰分和锌的表观消化率显著提高,粪中锌含量显著降低(P<0.05)。与氧化锌组相比,替代组断奶仔猪十二指肠绒隐比、空肠绒毛高度和杯状细胞数量显著增加,十二指肠隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05)。与氧化锌组相比,替代组空肠Bax、IL-1β、ZNT1和ZNT2的m RNA相对表达量显著降低,ZIP4、IGF-1和MUC2的mRNA相对表达量显著升高(P<0.05)。结果提示,尽管有机微量元素和酵母培养物替代氧化锌降低了断奶仔猪平均日采食量和平均日增重,增加腹泻率,但提高了饲料转化率和养分消化率,改善肠道形态结构,维持肠道屏障功能,说明日粮补充有机微量元素和酵母培养物相比于高剂量氧化锌更有利于断奶仔猪的肠道健康。The objective of this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of combinations of organic trace minerals and yeast cultures as a replacement of zinc oxide(ZnO) on the growth performance,diarrhea rate,nutrient digestibility,intestinal morphology and intestinal barrier function in weaned piglets. A total of 48 healthy DLY piglets with an initial average body weight of(9.11 ± 0.44) kg were divided into 2 groups with 6 replicates per treatment,and 4 pig per replicate,with the respective treatments being basic diet +inorganic trace minerals +ZnO(zinc oxide group) and basic diet + organic trace minerals +yeast cultures(alternative group),respectively. The whole trial lasted for 14 d. During days 11 ~ 14,digestion test was carried by using the endogenous indicator method(AIA as indicator). The results showed as follows:When compared with zinc oxide group,piglets in alternative group had lower average daily feed intake(ADFI) and average daily gain(ADG),and higher diarrhea rate on 1 ~ 14 d(P<0.05). However,the feed:gain ratio(F/G) in alternative group was lower than that in the zinc oxide group(P<0.05). Moreover,when compared with zinc oxide group,piglets in alternative group had higher digestibility of dry matter,crude ash and zinc,and lower fecal zinc content(P<0.05). Similarly,combinations of organic trace minerals and yeast cultures as a replacement of zinc oxide significantly increased villus height:crypt depth in the duodenum,villus height and number of goblet cells in the jejunum,and decreased crypt depth in the duodenum(P<0.05). Additionally,when compared with zinc oxide group,piglets in alternative group had lower relative mRNA expressions of Bax,IL-1β,ZNT1 and ZNT2,and higher relative mRNA expressions of ZIP4,IGF-1 and MUC2(P<0.05). These data showed that replacing zinc oxide with organic trace minerals and yeast cultures could increase the feed conversion rate and nutrient digestibility,improve the intestinal morphology structure and maintain intestinal barrier function,in spite of the lower ADFI a

关 键 词：有机微量元素 酵母培养物 氧化锌 断奶仔猪 肠道健康 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]