婴幼儿毛细支气管炎后反复喘息现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the status and influencing factors of repeated wheezing after bronchiolitis in infant

作　　者：宣爱丽[1] 孙谦[1] 沈怀云[1] 关艳春 陈云 郑迎娟 徐家丽[1] 赵武[1] XUAN Ai-li;SUN Qian;SHEN Huai-yun;GUAN Yan-chun;CHEN Yun;ZHENG Ying-juan;XU Jia-li;ZHAO Wu(Department of Pediatrics,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu Anhui 233004,China)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院第一附属医院儿科,安徽蚌埠233004

出　　处：《蚌埠医学院学报》2020年第9期1232-1235,1239,共5页Journal of Bengbu Medical College

基　　金：蚌埠医学院自然科学研究重点项目(BYKY2019052ZD)。

摘　　要：目的:调查婴幼儿毛细支气管炎后反复喘息发生情况,并探讨其相关影响因素。方法:选择102例毛细支气管炎婴幼儿,随访1年了解患儿喘息发作情况。同时根据患儿是否发生喘息进行分组,比较2组患儿的一般资料、哮喘家族病史、宠物接触史、过敏疾病史、毛细支气管炎病情等。结果:102例患儿中,共有3例失访。随访3、6、9、12个月,至少出现1次喘息发作的例数分别为16例(16.16%)、34例(34.34%)、39例(39.39%)、43例(43.43%),其中,随访12个月内,发生1次喘息8例,发生2次喘息11例,≥3次喘息24例。经单因素分析,反复喘息组与非反复喘息组患儿在母乳喂养少于3个月、被动吸烟史、湿疹病史、反复下呼吸道感染史、家族过敏疾病史、重度毛细支气管炎、呼吸道合胞病毒感染、食物过敏史方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05~P<0.01)。经logistic多因素分析,重度毛细支气管炎、湿疹病史、家族过敏疾病史以及反复下呼吸道感染毛细支气管炎后反复喘息的危险因素均为毛细支气管炎后反复喘息的危险因素(P<0.05),而母乳喂养>3个月是毛细支气管炎后反复喘息的保护因素(P<0.01)。结论:重度毛细支气管炎、家族过敏疾病史、湿疹、反复下呼吸道感染是毛细支气管炎后反复喘息发作的高危因素,临床应针对性做好防治工作,以减少喘息发作。Objective:To investigate the occurrence of repeated wheezing after bronchiolitis in infants,and explore its related factors.Methods:The asthmatic attack in 102 infants with bronchiolitis were analyzed during the following-up period.The infant patients were grouped according to the wheezing.The general information,family history of asthma,pet contact history,history of allergic disease and bronchiolitis were compared between two groups.Results:Among 102 children,3 cases lost.During 3,6,9 and 12 months of following-up,at least one time wheeze occurred in 16 cases(16.16%),34 cases(34.34%),39 cases(39.39%)and 43 cases(43.43%),respectively,During 12 months of following-up one wheeze occurred in 8 cases,two wheezes occurred in 11 cases,and more than three wheezes occurred in 24 cases.The results of single factor analysis showed that the differences of the breast feeding less than 3 months,passive smoking history,eczema history,repeated lower respiratory tract infection history,family allergic disease history,severe bronchiolitis,respiratory syncytial virus infection and food allergy between repeated and non-repeated wheezing groups were statistically significant(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The results of logistic analysis showed that the severe bronchiolitis,eczema,family allergic disease and recurrent lower respiratory tract infection were the risk factors of repeated wheezing(P<0.05),while breast-feeding for more than 3 months was the protective factor of repeated wheezing after bronchiolitis(P<0.01).Conclusions:The severe bronchiolitis,family history of allergic diseases,eczema and repeated lower respiratory tract infection are the high risk factors of repeated wheezing after bronchiolitis.Clinical prevention and treatment should be done to reduce the incidence of wheezing.

关 键 词：毛细支气管炎 反复喘息 婴幼儿 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]