硫酸亚铁协同枯草芽孢杆菌对辣椒疫病抑制作用研究  

Inhibitory mechanism of ferrous sulfate combined with Bacillus subtilis on Phytophthora capsici

作　　者：杜公福[1] 李晓亮[1] 戚志强[1] 申龙斌[1] 韩旭[1] 秦于玲[1] 曹振木[1] 杨衍[1] DU Gongfu;LI Xiaoliang;QI Zhiqiang;SHEN Longbin;HAN Xu;QIN Yuling;CAO Zhenmu;YANG Yan(Institute of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 570100, China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海口570100

出　　处：《植物保护》2020年第5期142-149,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：农业农村部农业技术试验示范与服务支持项目;公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503123-10);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(1630032019019)。

摘　　要：采用平板抑制法测定钙、镁、硼、铁、硅5种元素对辣椒疫霉菌丝生长和孢子囊发育的影响,发现铁元素对辣椒疫霉菌丝生长和孢子囊的抑制作用随着浓度的增大而增强。根据初筛结果,选择螯合铁、硫酸铁、柠檬酸铁和硫酸亚铁4种不同铁化合物对辣椒疫霉菌丝进行抑制试验,发现硫酸亚铁抑制效果最显著。通过盆栽试验,从抑病率、生理指标等方面进行相关验证。选择性地给辣椒根外增施硫酸亚铁、硫酸亚铁混配枯草芽孢杆菌和单施枯草芽孢杆菌,试验结果如下,硫酸亚铁+枯草芽孢杆菌处理的辣椒植株发病率为50%,病情指数为16.67;枯草芽孢杆菌处理发病率为70%,病情指数为30.44;硫酸亚铁处理发病率为75%,病情指数为32.89;对照处理的辣椒植株发病率为100%,病情指数为72.22。在生理指标方面的表现为处理组显著提高了辣椒体内SOD、CAT活性,降低了MDA含量。试验结果表明,硫酸亚铁联合枯草芽孢杆菌对辣椒疫病的防控具有增效的作用。The inhibitory effects of five elements,i.e.,calcium,magnesium,boron,ferrum and silicon,on the mycelia and sporangia of Phytophthora capsici were studied by using plate inhibition method.It was found that the inhibitory effect of ferrum on the growth of mycelia and sporangia of P.capsici increased with increasing concentration.According to the preliminary screening results,four different ferrum compounds,including chelated iron,ferric sulphate,ferric citrate and ferrous sulfate,were selected to inhibit the bacteriophage of P.capsici,and the inhibitory effect of ferrous sulfate was found to be the most significant.In order to explore the effect of ferrous sulfate on the control of pepper blight and its effect on the defense enzyme activity in pepper,the pot experiment was conducted to verify the disease rate and physiological index.Selective application of ferrous sulfate and ferrous sulfate combined with Bacillus subtilis and B.subtilis was carried out.The test results were as followed:the incidence rate of pepper plants treated with ferrous sulfate+B.subtilis was 50%,with a disease index of 16.67;the incidence rate under B.subtilis treatment was 70%,with a disease index of 30.44;the incidence rate under ferrous sulfate treatment was 75%,with a disease index of 32.89,and the incidence rate in the control group was 100%,with a disease index of 72.22.The physiological indicators showed that the activity of SOD and CAT was significantly increased in the treatment group,while the content of MDA was significantly decreased in pepper.The results suggested that ferrous sulfate combined with Bacillus subtilis had a synergistic effect on the prevention and control of pepper blight.

关 键 词：硫酸亚铁 枯草芽孢杆菌 辣椒疫霉菌 抑制作用 

分 类 号：S436.418[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]