微反应系统合成硝化甘油的工艺研究  

Study on the Micro-chemical Synthesis Process of Nitroglycerin

作　　者：唐杰 魏应东 吴兴龙 齐秀芳[1] 裴重华 TANG Jie;WEI Yingdong;WU Xinglong;QI Xiufang;PEI Chonghua(School of National Defence Science&Technology,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Sichuan Mianyang,621010;State Key Laboratory of Environment-feriendly Energy Materials,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Sichuan Mianyang,621010)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学国防科技学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]西南科技大学环境友好能源材料国家重点实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《爆破器材》2020年第5期36-41,共6页Explosive Materials

基　　金：四川省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S201910619085)。

摘　　要：为推动微化工技术在硝化甘油合成中的应用,通过自主设计的混沌式微混合器,以甘油、硝酸和硫酸为原料,研究了微反应系统连续合成硝化甘油的工艺。探究了微流道尺寸、反应物摩尔比及反应温度对微混合器内硝化甘油产率的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:微流道直径1.0 mm,反应温度19℃,反应时间5 min,甘油与硝酸的摩尔比1.04.5;此时,硝化甘油产率为50.9%,纯度为98.9%。In order to promote the application of micro-chemical technology in the synthesis of nitroglycerin,the process of continuous synthesis of nitroglycerin by micro-reaction system was studied by using glycerin,nitric acid and sulfuric acid as raw materials in a chaotic micro-mixer designed independently.Influence of microchannel size,reactants molar ratio and reaction temperature on nitroglycerin yield in micro-mixer was investigated.The optimum conditions were determined.When the diameter of microchannel is 1.0 mm,the reaction temperature is 19℃,the reaction time is 5 min,and the molar ratio of glycerol to nitric acid is 1.04.5,the yield of nitroglycerin is 50.9%,and the purity is 98.9%.

关 键 词：微化工技术 含能材料 混沌式微混合器 硝化甘油 合成 

分 类 号：TJ410[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程] TQ562[化学工程—炸药化工]