广西穿洞天坑苔藓植物多样性特征研究  

Study on Diversity Charateristics of Bryophytes in Chuandong Tiankeng,Guangxi

作　　者：罗奕杏 唐启明[1,2] 薛跃规[1,2] LUO Yixing;TANG Qiming;XUE Yuegui(College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin Guangxi 541006, China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541006 [2]珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林541006

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第5期104-111,共8页Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960047);珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室研究基金(ERESEP2019Z04)。

摘　　要：为探究典型发育中期的天坑苔藓植物多样性特点,采用野外调查法对广西穿洞天坑苔藓植物进行实地调查研究。结果表明:穿洞天坑苔藓植物物种多样性丰富,优势类群明显,共有苔藓植物96种(包括亚种、变种),隶属33科57属。在物种组成上,具有丰富性和复杂性:单种科14个,占总科数42.42%;单种属40个,占总属数70.18%。苔藓植物包括8种生活型,以交织型、丛集型为主,具有较高的生活型多样性。生活型分布格局从天坑上部耐旱的丛集型至天坑底部喜湿扇型。生态类型呈现多样性,天坑内包含4种不同生长基质的苔藓生态类型,以土生型苔藓和石生型苔藓为主。在垂直高度上,穿洞天坑苔藓植物丰富度变化明显,不同高度物种丰富度由大到小依次为中部、底部、上部,呈现天坑中部苔藓植物最多、上部和底部相对较少的分布式样,这种明显的分层变化与穿洞天坑生境异质性存在密切联系。作为喀斯特地貌区乡土植物现代避难所之一,穿洞天坑同样保存着非维管高等植物(苔藓植物)较高的物种多样性,因此建议对这类发育中期的负地形(天坑)给予保护。In order to explore the diversity characteristics of bryophytes in typical metaphase developed tiankeng,a field survey was conducted in Chuandong Tiankeng,Guangxi.The results showed that the species diversity of bryophytes were rich,and the dominant groups were obvious.There were 96 species of bryophytes(including subspecies and varieties),belonging to 57 genera,33 families.Bryophytes were rich and complex in species composition.Unigeneric family and unispecific genus were rich,including 14 families and 40 genera,which accounted for 42.42%and 70.18%of the whole families and genera respectively.The life forms were divided into 8 types,mainly Wefts and Turfs,which had relatively high diversity of life forms.From the upper to the bottom of the Tiankeng,the distribution pattern of life type was from Turfs with drought resistance to wet Fans.The bryophytes had diversity of ecological types,which was divided into 4 types according to the growth substrate,and bryophytes growing on the surfaces of soil and rocks were dominant.On the height gradient,the species richness of bryophytes changed obviously,presenting a decreasing trend of middle>bottom>upper,which was closely related to the heterogeneity of Tiankeng habitat.As a refugia for native plants in Karst areas,the Chuandong Tiankeng also had a great potential to preserve the diversity of non-vascular higher plants(bryophytes).Therefore,it is suggested that such metaphase developed Tiankengs’ecological system with special negative topography should be protected.

关 键 词：苔藓植物 多样性 生活型 穿洞天坑 

分 类 号：Q949.35[生物学—植物学]