饲料中添加γ-氨基丁酸对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、血清生化指标和抗亚硝酸氮应激能力的影响  

Effects of Dietaryγ-Aminobutyric Acid Supplemental Level on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices and Anti-Nitrite-Nitrogen Stress Ability of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：赵红霞 陈晓瑛 王国霞 彭凯 黄燕华 陈冰 曹俊明 ZHAO Hongxia;CHEN Xiaoying;WANG Guoxia;PENG Kai;HUANG Yanhua;CHEN Bing;CAO Junming(Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,广州510640 [2]农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,广州510640 [3]广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第9期4251-4259,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31402307);广东省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(2019KJ115);科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)(201614TD)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探讨饲料中添加GABA对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长性能、血清生化指标和抗亚硝酸氮应激能力的影响。将906尾初始均重为(0.68±0.02)g的凡纳滨对虾幼虾随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复放养40尾虾。6组对虾分别投喂添加0、50、100、150、200和250 mg/kgγ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的等氮等脂试验饲料56 d。饲养试验结束后进行120 h的亚硝酸氮应激。结果显示:1)与未添加组相比,饲料中添加50~250 mg/kg GABA显著提高了凡纳滨对虾的摄食率和增重率(P<0.05)。2)与未添加组相比,饲料中添加100和150 mg/kg GABA显著提高了凡纳滨对虾血清总蛋白、胆固醇、甘油三酯含量(P<0.05),显著降低了血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性(P<0.05)。3)100和150 mg/kg GABA组凡纳滨对虾血清溶菌酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性和总抗氧化能力显著高于未添加组(P<0.05)。4)与未添加组相比,饲料中添加100~250 mg/kg GABA显著降低了凡纳滨对虾亚硝酸氮应激120 h时的累积死亡率(P<0.05),其中100 mg/kg GABA组凡纳滨对虾累积死亡率达到最低。综上可知,饲料中添加GABA能够提高凡纳滨对虾的摄食率、增重率和抗亚硝酸氮应激能力。以增重率为评价指标,通过二次回归分析得出凡纳滨对虾饲料中GABA的适宜添加量为154.79 mg/kg。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietaryγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)supplemental level on growth performance,serum biochemical indices and anti-nitrite-nitrogen stress ability of Litopenaeus vannamei.Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain graded levels of GABA(0,50,100,150,200 and 250 mg/kg of diet),by adding GABA.Nine hundred and sixty Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp with an initial average body weight of(0.68±0.02)g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 4 replicates of 40 shrimp each and each group was fed with one of the diets.After 56 d feeding,shrimp were exposed to nitrite-nitrogen for 120 h.The results showed as follows:1)the weight gain rate(WGR)and feed intake(FI)of shrimp fed diet with 50 to 250 mg/kg GABA were significantly higher than those of shrimp fed diet without GABA(P<0.05).2)Compared with the no-adding group,diet with 100 and 150 mg/kg GABA significantly increased the contents of serum total protein(TP),triglyceride(TG)and cholesterol(CHO)(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the activities of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT)and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT)(P<0.05).3)The serum lysozyme(LYZ),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)activities and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in 100 and 150 mg/kg GABA groups were significantly higher than those in no-adding group(P<0.05).4)After 120 h challenge to nitrite-nitrogen stress,the cumulative mortality rate in 100,150,200 and 250 mg/kg GABA groups was significantly lower than that in no-adding group(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplemented with GABA can improve the FI,WGR and anti-nitrite-nitrogen stress ability of Litopenaeus vannamei.Using WGR as the evaluation index,the optimal dietary GABA supplemental level is estimated to be 154.79 mg/kg of diet by quadratic regression analysis.

关 键 词：Γ-氨基丁酸 凡纳滨对虾 生长性能 血清生化指标 亚硝酸氮应激 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]