三种跌倒风险评估量表应用于老年住院患者的比较研究  

A comparative study of three fall risk assessment scales for elderly inpatients

作　　者：胡硕婷 岳丽青[1] 彭欢[1] 韩辉武[1] 闫城 陈静 尹曾珍 HU Shuo-ting;YUE Li-qing;PENG Huan;Han Hui-wu;YAN Cheng;CHEN Jing;YIN Zeng-zhen(Jinling Hospital Department Blood Transfusion,Nanjing University,School Medicine,Nanjing 210002,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医院,长沙410008 [2]中南大学湘雅护理学院,长沙410013

出　　处：《当代护士（下旬刊）》2020年第10期1-5,共5页Modern Nurse

基　　金：湖南省卫生计生委项目(B2015-4)。

摘　　要：目的比较Johns Hopkins跌倒风险评估量表(JHFRAT)、Morse跌倒评估量表(MFS)和Hendrich II跌倒风险模型量表(HFRM)的应用效果。方法2016年6—8月采用目的取样法选取某三级甲等医院的老年医学中心7个护理单元符合纳入标准的397名老年住院患者,由经过培训的3名护士分别使用上述三种量表进行评分,所有数据录入SPSS 24.0进行统计分析。结果共调查396名老年患者,一年内既往跌倒人数57名(占14.39%),logistic回归分析显示既往有无跌倒与是否使用助行器呈正相关(P<0.05)。在跌倒分级评估中,JHFRAT和MORSE、JHFRAT和HFRM存在相关性(P<0.05),MORSE和HFRM不存在相关性(P>0.05)。JHFRAT曲线下面积为0.894,灵敏度为94.7%,特异度为84.3%,Youden指数为79.0%;MFS曲线下面积为0.871,灵敏度为80.7%,特异度为88.5%,Youden指数为69.2%;HFRM评分曲线下面积为0.705,灵敏度为80.7%,特异度为59.6%,Youden指数为30.3%。结论老年患者的跌倒高危因素为是否使用助行器,且3种量表中以JHFRAT具有最好的跌倒预测价值,MFS次之,较差为HFRM,建议管理者有针对性地、及时地进行跌倒评估和管理。Objective To compare the application effects of the Johns Hopkins Falls Risk Assessment Scale(JHFRAT),the Morse Falls Assessment Scale(MFS),and the Hendrich II Falls Risk Model Scale(HFRM).Methods In June-August 2016,the purpose of sampling was used to select 7 nursing units of a geriatric medical center of a tertiary first-class hospital for 397 elderly inpatients who met the inclusion criteria.Three trained nurses used the above three amounts respectively Tables are scored,and all data are recorded to SPSS 25.0 for statistical analysis.Results A total of 396 patients were investigated.57 patients(14.39%)had fallen in the past year.Logistic regression analysis showed a positive correlation with the use of a walker(P<0.05).There was a correlation between JHFRAT and MORSE,JHFRAT and HFRM(P<0.05),and no correlation between MORSE and HFRM(P>0.05).The area under the JHFRAT curve was 0.894,the sensitivity was 94.7%,the specificity was 84.3%,and Youden index was 79.0%.The area under the MFS curve was 0.871,the sensitivity was 80.7%,the specificity was 88.5%,and Youden index was 88.5%.The area under the HFRM score curve was 0.705,the sensitivity was 80.7%,the specificity was 59.6%,and Youden index was 30.3%.Conclusion Whether Walkers are used is at high risk for falls in elderly patients,and JHFRAT has the best fall prediction value among the three scales,followed by MFS,and worse than HFRM.It is recommended that managers pay attention to assess and manage for fall pointedly and timely.

关 键 词：量表 老年患者 跌倒 风险 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]