运动对肥胖大鼠骨骼肌FGF21及其调控因子的影响  

Effects of Exercise Training on Skeletal Muscle FGF21 and Its Regulators of Obese Rats

作　　者：李良[1] 徐建方[1] 苏浩[2] Li Liang;Xu Jianfang;Su Hao(China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100061,China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [2]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2020年第7期544-551,共8页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(基本20-15)。

摘　　要：目的:对肥胖大鼠进行有氧运动或抗阻运动干预,观察骨骼肌中成纤维细胞生长因子21(FGF21)及其上游调控因子表达水平的变化,探讨不同运动方式对骨骼肌FGF21表达的影响并对其调节机体代谢的潜在作用进行分析。方法:首先建立高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠模型,将肥胖大鼠随机分为安静对照组(OC组)、有氧运动组(OA组)、抗阻运动组(OR组),每组各10只。OA组大鼠通过跑台运动完成8周的有氧运动训练,每周训练5天,每天60 min,运动强度为60%~70%VO2max,通过测定大鼠的VO2max推算该强度对应的跑速。OR组大鼠利用"负重爬梯法"完成8周的抗阻运动训练,每2天训练1次,根据训练情况递增负荷。完成最后一次训练24小时后进行取材,血清用来测试血脂水平;取腹股沟皮下白色脂肪、肾周脂肪、附睾脂肪及肩胛间棕色脂肪进行称重;取腓肠肌,测试FGF21、PI3K、Akt的基因及蛋白表达水平。结果:运动干预结束后,OA组和OR组的大鼠体重显著低于OC组(P<0.01),OA组的皮下脂肪(P<0.05)、内脏脂肪(P<0.01)及脂体比(P<0.05)均显著低于OC组;OA组和OR组的总胆固醇水平显著低于OC组(P<0.01)。OA组和OR组的FGF21 m RNA相对表达量均显著高于OC组(P<0.01),OR组的FGF21蛋白表达量显著高于OC组(P<0.05);OR组的PI3K m RNA相对表达量显著高于OA组(P<0.01),OA组显著低于OC组(P<0.01),但PI3K蛋白表达量在三组间没有显著差异;OR组的Akt m RNA相对表达量显著高于OC组和OA组(P<0.01),但其蛋白表达量在三组间没有显著差异;OR组Akt在Thr308及Ser473位点的相对磷酸化水平均显著高于OC组和OA组(P<0.05;P<0.01)。结论:8周有氧运动或抗阻运动训练对肥胖大鼠都有较好的减脂控体重及改善血脂水平的效果;相比较而言,有氧运动的减脂控体重效果更加显著。另外,8周抗阻运动训练显著上调了肥胖大鼠腓肠肌中FGF21基因和蛋白表达水平,其机制可能与抗阻运动激活了AkObjective To observe changes of the fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21) and the expression of its upstream regulators after 8-week aerobic and resistance exercise training of obese rats,and the effect of changes of the myogenic FGF21 expression on the energy metabolism was discussed as well.MethodsThe high fat diet-induced obese male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group(OC group),an aerobic exercise group(OA group) and a resistance exercise group(OR group),each of 10. The OA group conducted an 8-week treadmill training 5 days/week,60 min/day,with the running speed 60%~70% of their VO2 max. The OR group completed an 8-week resistance exercise program by climbing on a ladder with increased load once every two days. The serum samples were collected 24 hours after the last training session to measure the blood lipid level. The white fat in the inguinal fold, perirenal fat, epididymal fat, and brown fat were collected and weighted. The gastrocnemius was collected to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of FGF21,phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K) and Akt.ResultsAfter an 8-week exercise training,the average body mass and total cholesterol level of OA and OR groups were significantly lower than OC group(P<0.01 for both),and the average white fat(P<0.05),visceral fat(P<0.01) and ratio of fat weight and body mass(P<0.05) of OA group were significantly lower than OC group. The average FGF21 mRNA expressions of OA and OR groups were significantly higher than OC group(P<0.01),and the average FGF21 protein expression of OR group was significantly higher than OC group as well(P<0.05). The average PI3K mRNA expression of OR group was significantly higher than OA group(P<0.01),while that of OA group was significantly lower than OC group(P<0.01). However,there were no significant differences among the three groups in the average protein expression of PI3K. The Akt mRNA expression of OR group was significantly higher than both OC and OA groups(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in its protein e

关 键 词：有氧运动 抗阻运动 腓肠肌 FGF21 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]