俄罗斯外交战略中的拉丁美洲  

Latin America in Russia’s Diplomatic Strategy

作　　者：庞大鹏[1,2] Pang Dapeng

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所 [2]中国社会科学院俄罗斯研究中心

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2020年第4期1-19,154,共20页Journal of Latin American Studies

摘　　要：本文分析了苏联解体后俄罗斯与拉美关系的历史演变,总结了俄罗斯对拉美政策的基本特点及其利益诉求。20世纪90年代以来,俄罗斯的拉美政策几经曲折,其政策变化的根本点在于,从俄罗斯在拉美的利益出发制订拉美政策。叶利钦时代,俄罗斯与拉美的关系从一度中断到逐渐恢复,1996年以后,全方位外交的定位让拉美地区开始真正进入俄罗斯外交战略的视野。与该地区各国保持互利和多边合作,是俄罗斯国际联系多样化的标志,也是其实现多极化外交思想的组成部分。普京时期,俄罗斯开始全面接触拉美各国,并在俄格战争和乌克兰危机后将拉美视为可以发挥其战略机动的地区。在大国竞争日益加剧的国际背景下,俄罗斯为了自身的国家利益,最大限度地扩大与拉美各国在世界政治中的相互协作领域。俄罗斯与拉美地区开展互利合作具有一系列客观因素。经济外交是俄罗斯拉美外交的重点。This paper analyzes the historical evolution of relations between Russia and Latin America after the collapse of the Soviet Union, summarizes the basic characteristics of Russia’s policy towards Latin America,and analyzes Russia’s interest demands for Latin American policy. Since the 1990 s,Russia’s Latin American policy has gone through twists and turns. The fundamental point of its policy change is to formulate Latin American policy based on Russia’s interests. The relationship between Russia and Latin America in the Yeltsin Era was from once interrupted to gradually restored. After 1996,the orientation of allround diplomacy made Latin America enter the vision of Russia’s diplomatic strategy.Maintaining mutually beneficial and multilateral cooperation with countries in this region is an integral part of Russia’s principle of diversifying international ties and the establishment of a multipolar world. During Putin’s period, Russia began to contact Latin American countries in an all-round way,and regarded Latin America as a region that could play a strategic role after the Russia Georgia war and the Ukraine crisis. Under the background of increasingly fierce competition among big powers,Russia has expanded the field of mutual cooperation with Latin American countries to the maximum extent,aiming at realizing the strategic impact of active diplomacy and ensuring Russia’s national interests. Russia’s mutually beneficial cooperation with Latin America has a series of objective factors,though economic factor is the focus of Russia’s diplomacy toward this region.

关 键 词：俄罗斯外交战略 拉美政策 叶利钦时代 普京时期 国家利益 经济外交 

分 类 号：D851.2[政治法律—政治学]