从淫祀到正祀:清代湘西白帝天王信仰的正统化历程  

From the Illegal Sacrifice to the Official Sacrifice:Orthodox Process of the Belief of the Baidi God in Western of Hunan in Qing Dynasty

作　　者：彭爽 PENG Shuang(School of History and Culture,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学历史文化学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《北方民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第5期112-121,共10页Journal of North Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目“西南民族地区灾害文化与防灾能力建设研究”(19YBA276)。

摘　　要：白帝天王信仰是湖南湘西地区众多民间信仰中较为典型的一种,最早记载可追溯到明代末年,清代逐渐成为湘西地区苗族、汉族、土家族等族群的共同信仰,庙宇遍布各处。清嘉庆以后,在地方主动正统化的努力和统治者对地方治理需求的双重作用之下,作为民间信仰的白帝天王信仰跻身祀典,获得正统性。其间中央政权、地方官员、地方精英以及湘西地区不同族群都参与了白帝天王的建构过程,从中可以透视清代湘西民族社会生态,以及西南边疆区域与中央政权的互动关系。The belief of the Baidi God is one of the typical folk beliefs in western Hunan.The earliest records can be traced back to the late Ming dynasty,in the Qing dynasty it gradually became the common belief of Miao,Han,Tujia and other ethnic groups in western Hunan.After Jiaqing period(1976~1820)of Qing dynasty,under the double interaction of local initiative orthodox efforts and rulers’demands for local governance,the belief of the Baidi God finally gained the legitimacy and entered the ritual ceremony.Through the investigation of the central government,local officials,local elites and different ethnic groups in western Hunan participating in the“making”of the Baidi God.This paper explores the social ecology of western Hunan in the Qing dynasty,and the interaction between the southwest border region and the central government.

关 键 词：湘西 白帝天王 民间信仰 淫祀 正祀 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]