基于离差系数和小波分析的取水量异常值研究  

Variation coefficient and wavelet analysis-based study on outlier of water intake amount

作　　者：张华[1] 李佳[1] 万毅[2] ZHANG Hua;LI Jia;WAN Yi(School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China;Water Resources Management Center, Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100053, China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学水利与水电工程学院,北京102206 [2]水利部水资源管理中心,北京100053

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2020年第10期35-40,共6页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401704);国家自然科学基金项目(51579100)。

摘　　要：针对国家水资源监控能力建设项目中出现的取水量异常值问题,提出了上离差系数和下离差系数,并将其与小波分析相结合,建立异常值检测模型(CV-WT)。该模型首先利用上离差系数与下离差系数对原始数据进行初检,排除极端异常值。然后利用小波分解与重构进行精检,滤去细节信息,保留整体趋势信息,筛选出不符合整体趋势的异常数据。将CV-WT模型应用于某供水公司,检测了2016年的日取水量数据,共检测出27个异常数据,实现对原始数据中异常值的识别,提高了对数据的精细处理能力。检测结果为进一步确定这些数据的异常原因提供了可靠依据,显著地提升了对取水量异常值的监控能力。Aiming at the problem of the outlier of water intake amount occurred in the national water resources monitoring capacity building project,an upper coefficient of variation and a lower coefficient of variation are proposed and then combined with wavelet analysis for establishing an outlier detection model(CV-WT).The model firstly makes a preliminary detection on the relevant original data with both the upper coefficient of variation and the lower coefficient of variation to eliminate the extreme outliers,and then performs a fine detection through wavelet decomposition and reconstruction to filter out the detailed information,keep the overall trend information and screen out the abnormal data those are not conformed with the overall trend data.The CV-WT model is applied to a water supply company and the daily water intake data therein in 2016 are detected,from which total 27 abnormal data are detected out,thus the identification of outlier in the original data is realized,while the fine data processing capacity is enhanced as well.The detection result provides a reliable basis for further determining the causes of the abnormals from these data,and then significantly enhances the capacity of the monitoring on the outlier of the water intake amount.

关 键 词：异常值检测 取水量 上离差系数 下离差系数 小波分解 小波重构 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]