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作 者:李思琪 Li Siqi
机构地区:[1]复旦大学历史学系
出 处:《世界历史》2020年第4期104-114,151,共12页World History
基 金:复旦大学引进人才科研启动经费(项目编号:JIH54008)资助。
摘 要:《希伯来圣经》不仅堪称犹太教与基督教的核心宗教经典,也是今天我们研究古犹太社会乃至古代近东地区政治、经济、文化、民俗等领域时最重要的史料之一。长期以来,由于受到历史政治发展与传统宗教观念的影响,《希伯来圣经》的文本研究对象主要局限在由中世纪犹太人保存下来的希伯来文《马索拉文本》。在不否认《马索拉文本》的历史价值的前提下,介绍源自希腊化时代的《七十子译本》对文本历史的重要性,并透过死海古卷与国际历史文献学的前沿理论,来解释《马索拉文本》与《七十子译本》之间相左的部分,可以体现《希伯来圣经》版本在古代的多样性与流动性。对《希伯来圣经》的古代传播史研究,不仅有助于认识古希伯来文明的历史变迁,也将深化国内古希伯来史学界对不同史料的研究运用。The Hebrew Bible not only serves as a foundational document of Christianity and Judaism,but also forms part of the historical sources that shed light on the ancient Israelite society and the politics,economics,cultures and traditions of the ancient Near East.Due to various historical-political and religious influences,the textual study of the Hebrew Bible has long been limited to the Hebrew Masoretic Text preserved by the medieval Jewish scribes.Without denying the historical value of the Masoretic Text,this paper stresses the significance of the Septuagint in understanding the textual history of the Hebrew Bible.At the same time,this paper utilises the Dead Sea Scrolls and advanced literary theories to explain the variants between the Masoretic and the Septuagint,and thus illustrates the dynamics and fluidity in the early formation of the biblical texts.The study on the Masoretic Text and Septuagint will not only deepen the knowledge on the sources available for the reconstruction of the textual history of the Hebrew Bible,but also enhance the understanding of the historical development of the ancient Jewish civilisation.
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