社会网络视角下的非自愿移民生计分化研究——基于浙江临海两个村庄的调查  

Research on the Livelihood Differentiation of Involuntary Immigrants in the View of Social Network--A Case Study of Two Villages in Linhai City,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：徐波波 XU Bobo

机构地区：[1]中共临海市委党校,浙江临海317000

出　　处：《江汉大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第5期14-23,124,共11页Journal of Jianghan University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：台州市哲学社会科学规划课题“社会网络视角下的非自愿移民生计分化研究”(19GHB12)。

摘　　要：非自愿移民生计问题是国家治理与现代化发展无法回避的课题。非自愿移民搬迁后,以“家”“家族”为核心的传统网络关系被打破,原有的生产与经营基础被削弱甚至被摧毁,非自愿移民的生计分化被重启并急剧变化。为保证最基本的生计安全,在迁入初期,非自愿移民生计行动偏好于实物性收益,其非正式关系网络也形成以血缘为主体的关系网络。在迁入的中期,非自愿移民更加注重并偏好于货币性收益,通过各种交往互动方式重构与拓展了以本地为中心的新的非正式社会关系网络,谋求更有价值的生计道路逐渐通畅,非自愿移民的贫富分化加剧。同时,乡村精英是非自愿移民避免陷入生活贫困“沼泽”的重要社会机制,构建一定区域范围内的合作性网络机制以及一个包容政府、企业、社会组织、非自愿移民等社会各方主体共同参与的发展支持体系是实现非自愿移民共同富裕的重要途径。The livelihood of involuntary immigrants is an unavoidable issue in national governance and modernization.After the relocation,the original interpersonal network of involuntary immigrants,which centered on family and clan,is broken;the basis of their former production and business is weakened or even destroyed;and their livelihood differentiation is restarted and changes drastically.In the initial stage of relocation,their livelihood actions incline to physical income,to ensure fundamental livelihood security,and their informal social network is one that features kinship.In the middle stage,involuntary immigrants pay more attention to and favor monetary income;they reconstruct and expand a new informal and localcentered social network through various contacts and interactions;the road for them to pursue a more valuable livelihood turns gradually to be smooth,but the income disparity is also increasing.Meanwhile,rural elite is an important social mechanism for the involuntary immigrants to avoid falling into the swamp of poverty.Building a cooperative network mechanism within a certain area and a development support system which includes the government,enterprise,social organization,and involuntary immigrants is an important way for the involuntary immigrants to realize common prosperity.

关 键 词：社会网络 非自愿移民 生计 分化 

分 类 号：C912.5[经济管理]