高阻隔材料在生化防护领域的应用及发展趋势  

Application and Development Trend of High Barrier Materials in Biochemical Protection

作　　者：顾玉培 季涛 胡世棋 刘其霞[1] 高强 GU Yupei;JI Tao;HU Shiqi;LIU Qixia;GAO Qiang(Nantong University,Jiangsu Nantong,226019;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health,Jiangsu Nantong,226019)

机构地区：[1]南通大学,江苏南通226019 [2]安全防护用特种纤维复合材料研发国家地方联合工程研究中心,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《棉纺织技术》2020年第10期75-80,共6页Cotton Textile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51702167);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0810300)。

摘　　要：探讨高阻隔材料在生化防护领域的应用现状及发展趋势。介绍了高阻隔生化防护材料的阻隔机理;介绍了橡胶基防护材料、高聚物薄膜材料、改性高分子阻隔膜和高分子复合阻隔膜的性能及优缺点;对高阻隔生化防护材料性能的评价指标进行了介绍,包括气密性、液体穿透性能、液体耐压穿透性能、力学性能和舒适性等。举例阐述了高阻隔材料在国内外优异的个体防护装备和集体防护装备中的应用。认为:高阻隔生化防护材料应拓宽化学防护谱系,拓展能够有效防护的危险化学品种类;通过引入新的材料,赋予传统阻隔膜材料智能化功能;不断优化制造工艺,运用先进的制造技术。Application status and development trend of high barrier materials in biochemical protection were discussed.Barrier mechanism of high barrier biochemical protection materials was introduced.Properties,advantages and disadvantages of rubber-based protective materials,polymer film materials,modified polymer barrier films and polymer composite barrier films were introduced.Evaluation indicators of the materials were introduced,including air tightness,liquid penetration property,liquid pressure penetration resistance,mechanical properties and comfort.The application of high barrier materials in excellent personal protective equipment and collective protective equipment at home and abroad were illustrated with examples.It is considered that high barrier biochemical protection materials should expand chemical protection spectrum and broaden types of effective anti-hazardous chemicals.By introducing new materials,the traditional barrier film materials can be endowed with intelligent functions.Manufacturing process should be constantly optimized and advanced manufacturing technology should be applied.

关 键 词：高阻隔材料 阻隔机理 橡胶 高聚物薄膜 高分子材料 纳米材料 渗透性能 舒适性 

分 类 号：TS101.3[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]