玉米秸秆微氧-厌氧干式发酵性能研究及微生物群落解析  

Dry anaerobic digestion performance and microbial community analysis of corn straw under micro-aerobic-anaerobic conditions

作　　者：罗欣剑 孔晓英[1,2,3] 车昊昱 邢涛 甄峰[1,2,3,6] 孙永明 Luo Xinjian;Kong Xiaoying;Che Haoyu;Xing Tao;Zhen Feng;Sun Yongming(Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development,Guangzhou 510640,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Animal Scicence,Jilin University,Changchun 130062,China;College of Engineering,Northeast Agriculture University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所,广东广州510640 [2]中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室,广东广州510640 [3]广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室,广东广州510640 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]吉林大学动物科学学院,吉林长春130062 [6]东北农业大学工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《可再生能源》2020年第10期1279-1287,共9页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2017B020238005);广州市科技计划项目(201803030007);广东省农业技术研发项目(2018LM2178);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA21050400)。

摘　　要：文章在不同微氧条件下研究了玉米秸秆微氧-厌氧干式发酵的产气性能及发酵过程中微生物群落的分布与演变。研究结果表明:当微氧浓度为0.45 mL/g时,厌氧发酵获得了最大的累积产气率和累积产甲烷率,分别为244.19±25.53,134.27±18.71 mL/g,较对照组分别提高了3.40%和8.11%;当微氧浓度为1.13~4.51 mL/g时,厌氧发酵的产气性能逐渐降低;通过宏基因组检测分析,微氧试验组的细菌群落多样性呈递减趋势,并且在属水平以Clostridium III,Defluviitalea和Acinetobacte为主;古菌群落多样性呈递增趋势,在属水平以Methanobacterium,Methanothrix和Methanomassiliicoccus为主;发酵进行到第10天时,微氧试验组的细菌和古菌群落结构均发生较大变化,其中,细菌中能降解有机质的Acinetobacter菌属的相对丰度急剧上升,古菌中Methanothrix菌属的相对丰度也迅速增加。In this paper,corn straw was used as raw material,study the gas production performance and the distribution of microbial community during micro-aerobic-anaerobic dry digestion under different micro-aerobic conditions.The results showed that in the 0.45 mL/g micro-aerobic environment obtain the maximum cumulative gas production rate and cumulative methanogenic rate which were 244.19±25.53 mL/g and 134.27±18.71 mL/g,respectively.Compared with the control group,it was increased by 3.40% and 8.11%,respectively.When the micro-aerobic environment is at 1.13〜4.51 mL/g,the gas production performance of anaerobic digestion is gradually reduced.The metagenomic sequencing analysis found that the bacterial community diversity of the micro-aerobic test group showed a decreasing trend,and it was mainly Clostridium III,Defluviitalea and Acinetobacte at genus level;the diversity of archaeal community showed an increasing trend,and it was mainly Methanobacterium,Methanothrix and Methanomassicicoccus at genus level.At 10th day,the bacteria and archaeal community structure of the micro-aerobic test group changed greatly.Among them,the Acinetobacter which can degrade the organic matter in the bacteria increased sharply,and the acetic acid-type methanogen Methanothrix also increased rapidly in the archaeal.

关 键 词：微氧环境 玉米秸秆 干式厌氧发酵 微生物演替规律 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能] S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]