海藻渣与镁配施对红壤理化性质和烟草生长的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Seaweed Residue and Magnesium on Physicochemical Properties of Red Soil and Tobacco Growth

作　　者：黄振瑞 陈迪文 李集勤[1] 李淑玲[1] HUANG Zhenrui;CHEN Diwen;LI Jiqin;LI Shuling(Crops Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Engineering&Technology Research Center for Tobacco Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Improvement,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510640,China;Institute of Bioengineering,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510316,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院作物研究所/广东省烟草育种与综合利用工程技术研究中心/广东省农作物遗传改良重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]广东省科学院生物工程研究所,广东广州510316

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2020年第9期1797-1802,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广东省农业科学院青年科技骨干项目(No.R2019YJ-QG001);广东省烟草专卖局(公司)科技项目(No.201744000020096);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(No.1630052019001)。

摘　　要：针对部分红壤地区土壤酸性强、有效养分含量低及透气性差等特性,研究了硫酸镁和海藻渣配施对红壤理化性质及烟草生长的影响,为烟区红壤改良提供理论基础。采用盆栽试验,设置6个处理,CK:对照,不加镁和海藻渣;MS:单独施用硫酸镁,每千克土施用0.375 g;SF:单独施用海藻渣,每千克土施用50 g;C1:每千克土施用MgSO40.375 g+海藻渣50 g;C2:每千克土施用MgSO40.563 g+海藻渣75 g;C3:每千克土施用MgSO40.75 g+海藻渣100 g。烟草收获时,测定并分析不同处理对土壤pH、有机碳、矿质养分含量、土壤容重、总孔隙度,以及烟草农艺性状、烟叶矿质养分含量等的影响。结果表明:单独施用硫酸镁或海藻渣以及硫酸镁与海藻渣配施后,烟草株高、茎粗和叶片数等农艺性状明显改善,生物量比对照显著提高;硫酸镁单施处理中烟叶的P和Mg含量比对照显著提高,海藻渣单施及硫酸镁与海藻渣配施的烟叶P、K和Mg含量比对照显著提高;C3处理土壤pH比对照提高0.38个单位,碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、交换性钙和交换性镁含量分别比对照提高了42.85%、60.01%、33.73%、253.02%和689.07%;C1、C2和C3处理土壤有机碳含量分别比对照提高了212.9%、385.7%和540.7%;海藻渣单施及与镁配施对土壤有效磷、速效钾、交换性钙和交换性镁含量显著提高;海藻渣单施或与镁配施能显著降低土壤容重并提高土壤总孔隙度;C3处理土壤容重比对照显著降低9.78%,总孔隙度比对照显著提高8.87%。因此,海藻渣和硫酸镁配施能促进红壤中烟草的生长,并有效改善红壤的理化性状。To improve the soil fertility and tobacco growth in red soil areas for its strong soil acidity,low available nutrient content and poor air permeability,the soil physicochemical properties and tobacco growth with the application of magnesium sulfate and seaweed residue were investigated.A pot experiment with 6 treatments was conducted,i.e.,CK:Control,without magnesium and seaweed residue,MS:Single application of 0.375 g magnesium sulfate per 1 kg soil,SF:Single application of seaweed residue 50 g per 1 kg soil,C1:Application of 0.375 g magnesium sulfate+50 g seaweed residue per 1 kg soil,C2:Application of 0.563 g magnesium sulfate+75 g seaweed residue per 1 kg soil,C3:Application of 0.75 g magnesium sulfate+100 g seaweed residue per 1 kg soil.The effects of seaweed residue and magnesium on soil pH,organic carbon,mineral nutrient content,soil bulk density,and porosity,agronomic characteristics of tobacco and mineral nutrient contents of tobacco leaves were analyzed.The results showed that with the application of magnesium sulfate,seaweed residue alone or magnesium sulfate with seaweed residue,the agronomic traits,such as plant height,stem diameter,leaves of tobacco and biomass were significantly improved.Meanwhile,the contents of P and Mg in the tobacco leaves were significantly increased under the application of magnesium sulfate only.In addition,the contents of P,K and Mg in the tobacco leaves were also significantly higher in the application of seaweed residue alone or combined with magnesium sulfate.Compared with CK,soil pH of C3 treatment was significantly increased by 0.38 units,and the contents of alkaline-N,available-P,available-K,exchangeable-Ca and exchangeable-Mg were increased by 42.85%,60.01%,33.73%,253.02%and 689.07%respectively.Soil organic carbon content of C1,C2 and C3 treatments increased by 212.9%,385.7%and 540.7%than that of CK,respectively.The soil pH and soil organic carbon content were increased significantly with magnesium sulfate and seaweed residue application.The contents of available pho

关 键 词：海藻渣 镁 红壤 烟草 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]