基于冶金反应的埋弧焊熔滴过渡形态表征  

Characterization of droplet transfer modes in submerged arc welding based on metallurgical reaction

作　　者：孙咸[1] SUN Xian(Institute of Welding Consumables,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学焊接材料研究所,山西太原030024

出　　处：《电焊机》2020年第9期273-285,共13页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：综述了涉及焊接冶金反应的埋弧焊熔滴过渡形态特征。结果表明,埋弧焊空腔中发生了一系列冶金反应,其中渗Si、Mn增氧反应对熔滴过渡主导力有一定影响。渣壁过渡形态是埋弧焊熔滴的主导过渡形态(含粗熔滴渣壁过渡和“鞭尾”形渣壁过渡形态)。埋弧焊冶金反应与熔滴过渡形态间的关系,取决于熔滴过渡的力学条件。能改善过渡形态的添加物是SiO2和TiO2,恶化熔滴过渡的是CaF2。焊接工艺参数影响中,焊接电流的影响很强烈,电弧电压的影响多为焊接电流的间接影响;电源极性和焊剂碱度有可能使熔滴增氧、细化熔滴,但不至于改变熔滴的渣壁过渡形态。The characteristics of droplet transfer modes in submerged arc welding involving metallurgical reaction were reviewed.The results show that a series of metallurgical reactions take place in the cavity of submerged arc welding,in which the reduction of Si and Mn and the oxygen-increasing reaction have a certain effect on the dominant force of the droplet transfer.The flux wall guided transfer mode is the dominant one of submerged arc welding droplets(including coarse droplet and"whipping tail"flux wall guided transfer mode).The relationship between the metallurgical reaction of submerged arc welding and the mode of droplet transfer depends on the mechanical conditions of droplet transfer.The additions that can improve the transfer mode are SiO2 and TiO2,and the addition that worsen the transfer of the droplet is CaF2.Among the influence of welding process parameters,the influence of welding current is very strong.Most of the influence of arc voltage may be the indirect influence of welding current.The polarity of the power supply and the basicity of the flux may increase the oxygen content of the droplet and refine the droplet,but it will not change the flux wall guided transfer mode of the droplet.

关 键 词：冶金反应 渣壁过渡 熔滴过渡主导力 埋弧焊 电弧空腔 

分 类 号：TG401[金属学及工艺—焊接] TG403