基于“源-汇”理论和生态阻力面(UEER)模型的新疆和田地区沙源扩散路径  

Diffusion Path of Sand Source in Hotan Area of Xinjiang,China Based on“Source-sink”Theory and Urban Expansion Ecological Resistance(UEER)Model

作　　者：汉瑞英 赵志平[1] 肖能文[1] 史娜娜[1] 张风春[1] 高晓奇[1] 刘高慧 HAN Rui-ying;ZHAO Zhi-ping;XIAO Neng-wen;SHI Na-na;ZHANG Feng-chun;GAO Xiao-qi;LIU Gao-hui(Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2020年第5期701-710,共10页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501904)。

摘　　要：厘清沙源扩散路径是荒漠化防治的重要方面。基于“源-汇”景观生态学理论,以新疆和田地区为研究对象,应用生态阻力面(UEER)模型提取沙源地、构建沙源扩散生态阻力面,共提取了和田地区128条沙源潜在扩散路径,并通过重力模型筛选出71条沙源扩散重要路径,识别出48个沙源扩散节点,其中Ⅰ类沙源扩散节点31个,Ⅱ类沙源扩散节点17个。结果表明:新疆和田地区沙源高度扩散风险区域面积为11267.8 km^2,占研究区总面积的5.54%,主要分布于和田县中部、墨玉县北部、民丰县中部及南部,其中一级源地面积为8290.18 km^2,二级源地面积为1955.76 km^2,三级源地面积为1021.93 km^2;沙源扩散路径密度较高的区域集中分布于和田地区西北部,该区域沙源扩散作用最强,东南部沙源扩散作用较集中,中部沙源扩散路径较少,沙源扩散作用最弱;Ⅰ类沙源扩散节点位于绿洲、荒漠交错区域,是防沙治沙的关键节点。上述研究结果可为新疆和田地区荒漠化防治决策提供依据,同时作为对“源-汇”理论应用于沙源扩散路径的探索,为今后类似研究提供参考。Clarifying diffusion path of sand source has practical significance for desertification prevention.Based on“source-sink”theory in landscape ecology,taking Hotan area in Xinjiang as the research area,the sand source area was extracted and the ecological resistance surface of sand source diffusion was constructed through urban expansion ecological resistance(UEER)model.Meanwhile,128 potential diffusion paths of sand source in Hotan area were extracted,and 71 important diffusion paths of sand source were selected by gravity model.In addition,48 diffusion nodes of sand source were identified,including 31 class Ⅰ and 17 class Ⅱ diffusion nodes.The results show that the high diffusion risk area of sand source is 11267.8 km^2,accounting for 5.54% of the total area in Hotan area of Xinjiang,and it mainly distributes in central Hotan county,northern Moyu county,central and southern Minfeng county;the first-level sand source area is 8290.18 km^2,the second-level sand source area is 1955.76 km^2,and the third-level sand source area is 1021.93 km^2;the areas with higher diffusion path density of sand source are concentrated in the northwest part of Hotan area,where sand source diffusion is the strongest,and sand source diffusion is concentrated in the southeast part,while diffusion path of sand source is few in central part,and the diffusion effect of sand source is the weakest;class Ⅰ diffusion nodes of sand source are located in the crisscross area of oasis and desert,which is the key node of sand control and prevention.The above results could provide a suggestion for decision-making in desertification prevention and control in Hotan area.At the same time,as an exploration of the“source-sink”theory applied to diffusion path of sand source,it could provide a reference for the relevant research in the future.

关 键 词：沙源 扩散路径 扩散节点 “源-汇”理论 生态阻力面模型 荒漠化 分级 新疆 

分 类 号：P951[天文地球—自然地理学] Q149[生物学—生态学]