黄河流域全河水沙调控的可行性与模式探索  

Exploration on the Feasibility and Mode of the Whole River Water and Sediment Regulation in the Yellow River Basin

作　　者：王远见[1,2,3] 江恩慧 张翎[1,2,3] 曲少军 马怀宝 WANG Yuanjian;JIANG Enhui;ZHANG Ling;QU Shaojun;MA Huaibao(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,YRCC,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Yellow River Sediment Research,MWR,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Engineering and Technological Research Center of Function Recovery&Maintenance for Reservoirs and Lakes,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [2]水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室,河南郑州450003 [3]河南省湖库功能恢复与维持工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2020年第9期46-51,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0407400);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51539004,51679104)。

摘　　要：过去几十年黄河水沙调控的理论与实践探索取得了一定进展,但现状工程条件下龙羊峡、刘家峡、万家寨、三门峡、小浪底水库群联合运用进行全河水沙调控的可行性与调控模式鲜有系统探讨。在全面分析多年平均条件下,上游龙羊峡、刘家峡水库可调水量和区间来水量、引水量的基础上,论证了现状工程条件下开展全河水沙调控的可行性,提出了全河水沙调控常规与非常规调度两种模式,并对比分析了各自效果。结果表明:全河水沙调控常规与非常规两种调度模式下小浪底排沙量分别为1.451亿t和1.913亿t,下游河道淤积量分别为0.113亿t和0.221亿t;无论采取何种水沙调控模式,小浪底水库均能在腾库迎洪的同时实现有效的库区冲刷,同时对下游河道淤积影响较小。在加强水库精细化调度和严格的区间引水管理前提下,现状工程条件下的全河水沙调控模式是完全可行的。In the past decades,some progress has been made in the theory and practice of water and sediment regulation of the Yellow River.However,under the current engineering conditions,the feasibility and model of the whole river water and sediment regulation combined with the cascade reservoirs of Long(Longyangxia),Liu(Liujiaxia),Wan(Wanjiazhai),San(Sanmenxia)and Xiao(Xiaolangdi)are rarely discussed.Based on a comprehensive analysis of the adjustable water volume of the Long⁃Liu cascade reservoirs,interval inflow and diversion water volume of the whole river under the multi⁃year average condition,this paper demonstrated the feasibility of the whole river water and sediment regulation under the current engineering conditions.Two modes were put forward including the conventional mode and the unconven⁃tional mode,and the effects of two modes were compared and analyzed.The results show that the sediment discharge of Xiaolangdi Reservoir under the two modes is 145.1 million tons and 191.3 million tons respectively and the sediment deposition of the downstream channel is 11.3 million tons and 22.1 million tons respectively.No matter which mode of water and sediment regulation is adopted,Xiaolangdi Reservoir can achieve effective erosion in reservoir during the period of discharging before flood,and at the same time,it has little influence to the siltation of river channel.Therefore,under the premise of strengthening the fine operation of the reservoir and strict interval diversion management,the whole river water and sediment regulation mode under the current engineering conditions is completely feasible.

关 键 词：全河水沙调控 可调水量 调控模式 水库群 黄河 

分 类 号：TV152[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV882.1