基于小波降噪和共振解调法的异步电机故障诊断方法  

A Fault Diagnosis Method of Asynchronous Motor Based on Wavelet De-Noising and Resonance Demodulation Analysis

作　　者：丁小健[1,2] 周健 梁超 王远航 李小兵[2] 王春辉 DING Xiaojian;ZHOU Jian;LIANG Chao;WANG Yuanhang;LI Xiaobing;WANG Chunhui(CEPREI,Guangzhou 510610,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Products Reliability Technology,Guangzhou 510610,China)

机构地区：[1]工业和信息化部电子第五研究所,广东广州510610 [2]广东省电子信息产品可靠性技术重点实验室,广东广州510610

出　　处：《电机与控制应用》2020年第9期106-110,共5页Electric machines & control application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51605095);智能制造综合标准化项目(智能装备故障诊断和预测性维护共性技术标准研究及试验验证)。

摘　　要：针对异步电机故障时的振动信号特征,提出了一种基于峭度、小波降噪和共振解调法相结合的异步电机故障诊断方法。通过对正常、离心开关打开不完全、定转子扫膛、后轴承损坏等4种状态的单相交流异步电机进行故障试验,利用NI CompactRIO平台搭载振动信号采集卡,采集电机前端盖侧面和顶端的振动信号,进行峭度统计分析,同时通过小波降噪和共振解调法提取振动信号的频域故障特征。试验结果表明,提出的方法能够良好地实现异步电机故障诊断。Aiming at the vibration signal characteristics for asynchronous motor fault diagnosis,the method combining kurtosis,wavelet de-noising and resonance demodulation analysis is proposed.We consider four types of motor states including the normal state,the incomplete open state of centrifugal switch,the chamber swept state,and the rear bearing damaged state,and collect the corresponding single-phase asynchronous motor samples for tests.NI CompactRIO is used to acquire the vibration signals at the side and top of the front cover for each motor.The kurtosis statistical analysis is firstly performed,and wavelet de-noising and resonance demodulation analysis are combined to extract the frequency domain characteristics for each failure type.The tests demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in the fault diagnosis of asynchronous motors.

关 键 词：异步电机 振动信号 小波降噪 共振解调法 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TM343[电气工程—电机]