2019年江阴市重点职业病监测情况分析与防控对策  

Analysis on monitoring situation of key occupational diseases in Jiangyin City in 2019 and prevention and control countermeasures

作　　者：陈献文[1] 冯鸿义[1] 张捷[1] CHEN Xian-wen;FENG Hong-yi;ZHANG Jie(Institute for Occupational Disease Controls Jiangyin Center for Disease Control and prevention,Jiangyin Jiangsu,214431,China)

机构地区：[1]江阴市疾病预防控制中心职业病防治所,江苏江阴214431

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第15期2021-2024,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的对江阴市重点职业病危害监测结果进行分析,探讨江阴市内重点职业病防治问题与需求,为制定针对性的防治策略提供依据。方法根据《2019年江苏省工作场所职业病危害因素监测工作方案》的要求,采用描述流行病学方法对江阴市重点职业病监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2019年监测存在职业病重点危害因素的企业多以制造业为主,内资企业占92.9%,中小微企业占89.3%。开展了职业卫生"三同时"工作的企业仅为7.1%,职业病危害因素申报率为89.3%。接受职业卫生培训的单位负责人、职业卫生管理人员及劳动者的培训率分别为85.7%、89.3%及92.4%。规模大、中、小微劳动者危害因素接触率分别为28.7%、54.7%、34.2%及35.0%。不同规模企业劳动者职业卫生培训率、危害因素接触率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。在企业职业病危害防护工作落实方面,设置的防尘、防毒及防噪声设施的有效率分别为87.5%、100.0%及82.4%,配备防尘、防毒及防噪声用品的防护有效率分别为100.0%、89.5%及82.6%。2019年监测了472个重点职业病危害因素岗位,超标率为9.7%;噪声岗位超标率为12.5%,矽尘及水泥粉尘岗位超标率均为14.9%。结论江阴市重点职业病危害因素为噪声和矽尘,需要重点防控的职业病是矽肺和噪声聋。江阴市应重点加强对小微企业、私有经济和制造业企业的管理,以降低职业病发生的风险。Objective To analyze the monitoring results of key occupational diseases in Jiangyin City, explore the problems and demands of key occupational diseases, and provide the basis for formulating specific prevention strategies. Methods According to the requirements of the executive plan on key occupational disease monitoring in Jiangsu Province in 2019, the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of key occupational disease monitoring in Jiangyin City. Results In 2019,the employers with key occupational hazard factors were mainly manufacturing enterprises. The economy was dominated by domestic enterprise(92.9%). The small-micro and medium-sized enterprises accounted for 89.3%. The enterprises that carried out the "Three Simultaneities" of occupational health work was only 7.1%. The declaration rate of occupational hazards was 89.3%.The occupational health training rate of employers, occupational health management personnel and workers was 85.7%, 89.3%and 92.4%, respectively. The occupational hazard exposure rate of workers in large, medium, small and micro enterprises was28.7%, 54.7%, 34.2% and 35.0%, respectively. The differences in occupational health training rate and occupational hazard exposure rate were statistically significant among enterprises of different sizes(both P<0.01). In the implementation of occupational hazards protection work, efficiency of dustproof, anti-poison and anti-noise facilities was respectively 87.5%, 100.0% and 82.4%, and the efficiency of protective articles for dustproof, anti-poison and anti-noise was respectively 100.0%, 89.5% and82.6%. Totally 472 posts with key occupational hazard factors were monitored in 2019, and the over standard rate was 9.7%. The over standard rate of noise posts was 12.5%, while the over standard rates of silica dust posts and cement dust posts were 14.9%.Conclusion Noise and silica dust are the main occupational hazards in Jiangyin City, and silicosis and noise deafness are the major occupational diseases that should be prevented a

关 键 词：重点职业病 职业危害监测 防控对策 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]