中国稻渔综合种养产业的发展现状与若干思考  

Development Status and Rethinking of the Integrated Rice-fish System in China

作　　者：唐建军[1] 李巍[2] 吕修涛[3] 王岳钧 丁雪燕 蒋军[6] 汤亚斌 李坚明[8] 张金保 杜军[10] 游宇 李晓东[12] 李斌 成永旭[14] 窦志 高辉[15] 陈欣[1] TANG Jianjun;LI Wei;Lü Xiutao;WANG Yuejun;DING Xueyan;JIANG Jun;TANG Yabin;LI Jianming;ZHANG Jinbao;DU Jun;YOU Yu;LI Xiaodong;LI Bin;CHENG Yongxu;DOU Zhi;GAO Hui;CHEN Xin(College of Life Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;National Fisheries Technology Extension Center,Beijing 100125,China;National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center,Beijing 100125,China;Zhejiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Hangzhou 310020,China;Zhejiang Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Hangzhou 310007,China;Anhui Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Hefei 230001,China;Hubei Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Wuhan 430070,China;Guangxi Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Nanning 530022,China;Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330046,China;Fisheries Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 611731,China;Fujian Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Fuzhou 350002,China;Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;Ningxia Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Yinchuan 750004,China;Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Agricultural College of Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州310058 [2]全国水产技术推广总站,北京100125 [3]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125 [4]浙江省农业技术推广中心,杭州310020 [5]浙江省水产技术推广总站,杭州310007 [6]安徽省水产技术推广总站,合肥230001 [7]湖北省水产技术推广总站,武汉430070 [8]广西壮族自治区水产技术推广总站,南宁530022 [9]江西省农业农村厅,南昌330046 [10]四川省农业科学院水产研究所,成都611731 [11]福建省水产技术推广总站,福州350002 [12]沈阳农业大学,沈阳110866 [13]宁夏回族自治区水产技术推广站,银川750004 [14]上海海洋大学,上海201306 [15]扬州大学农学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《中国稻米》2020年第5期1-10,共10页China Rice

基　　金：国家重点研发课题“复合种养田培肥与丰产增效耕作模式”(2016YFD0300905)、“稻田综合种养绿色高效技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0300804);国家自然科学基金国际合作项目(NSFC-CGIAR31661143001)。

摘　　要：稻田养鱼在中国有着悠久历史。由传统稻鱼系统发展起来的稻渔综合种养近十几年来在全国各稻作区迅速发展,形成了"稻-鱼""稻-龟鳖""稻-虾""稻-蟹""稻-鳅""稻-螺"等多种模式,稻渔综合种养关键技术体系逐渐建成,显示出稳粮、增收和环境友好的效应,推动了农业绿色高质量发展。未来稻渔综合种养研究和推广将继续聚焦在稳定水稻产量、保持土壤和环境质量、模式区域布局以及新的农业产业技术体系。Raising fish in paddy field has a long history in China.Based on traditional rice-fish coculture,modern integrated rice culture with fish culture develops quickly in the recent decades.Diverse models,such as rice-carp,rice-crab,rice-crayfish,rice-turtle,rice-loach,rice-snail and others,are practiced widely in rice-growing areas.New technologies for integrated rice-fish culture are gradually developed.The integrated rice-fish culture shows great effects in helping stable rice production,increasing rural income and decreasing the use of agrochemicals.Integrated rice-fish culture becomes one of the major approaches to develop green and highquality agriculture system.The future study on integrated rice-fish culture development will focus on how the rice yield,soil fertility and environmental quality could be maintained in the integrated rice-fish systems for a long run.More detailed regional planning and a new agricultural service and technological system for integrated rice-fish culture should be developed.

关 键 词：稻渔综合种养 模式 关键技术 水稻产量 土壤质量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S511.047[农业科学—作物学] S95