水稻无土育秧基质研究进展  

Research Progress of Soilless Substrate for Rice Seedling Raising

作　　者：张均华[1] 黄晶 徐青山 朱春权 汪玮 孙爱军 洪小智 金千瑜[1] ZHANG Junhua;HUANG Jing;XU Qingshan;ZHU Chunquan;WANG Wei;SUN Aijun;HONG Xiaozhi;JIN Qianyu(China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 310006,China;Wuhu Qingyijiang Seed Co.Ltd,Wuhu,Anhui 241300,China;Bengbu Yifeng Bio-organic Fertilizer Co.Ltd,Bengbu,Anhui 233300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所,杭州310006 [2]芜湖青弋江种业有限公司,安徽芜湖241300 [3]蚌埠市亿丰生物有机肥有限公司,安徽蚌埠233300

出　　处：《中国稻米》2020年第5期40-44,共5页China Rice

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200801);国家自然科学基金(31872857,31771733);水稻生物学国家重点实验室自主课题(2017ZZKT10404)。

摘　　要：随着我国水稻机插秧的大面积推广应用,传统土育秧的局限性日益突出。为解决传统育秧取土难、取土破坏植被与环境等问题,缓解农村劳动力紧张的现状,水稻无土育秧基质研究与应用越来越受到重视。本文综述了我国水稻机插秧的现状及水稻无土育秧基质的发展趋势,明确了因地制宜研制水稻无土基质的技术要点,并对水稻无土育秧基质领域的产业发展和推广应用进行了展望,旨在为我国水稻机插秧的大面积推广应用和提升水稻全程机械化水平提供参考。The limitations of traditional rice seedling raising in soil are becoming increasingly prominent because of the widespread application of machine transplanting rice seedlings in China.In order to solve the difficulty in getting soil from field,the destruction of vegetation and environment,and the shortage of rural labor force in traditional rice seedling raising,the study and application of soilless substrate in rice seedling raising has been paid more and more attention.This paper reviewed the current situation of machine transplanting rice and the development tendency of soilless substrate in rice seedling raising in China.The main technical points in developing soilless substrate according to local conditions have been clarified,and the industry development as well as popularization and application of soilless substrate for rice seedling raising has also been prospected in this paper.This article aimed to provide some references for the large-scale popularization and application of machine transplanting rice in China and to improve the mechanization level in rice production.

关 键 词：水稻 机插秧 育秧 无土基质 农业废弃物 

分 类 号：S511.043[农业科学—作物学]