“洞察”号能够完成火星内部结构探测的使命吗?  

Will InSight be able to accomplish the task to image Mars interior?

作　　者：刘澜波[1] Liu Lanbo(Department of Geosciences,University of Connecticut,Storrs,USA CT 06269)

机构地区：[1]康涅狄格大学地球科学系,美国思拓斯CT 06269

出　　处：《地球与行星物理论评》2021年第1期115-122,共8页Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics

摘　　要：本文聚焦于“洞察”号(InSight)的SEIS项目,介绍它的主要科研目标,以及已有的初步探测与解释成果.作者试图就“洞察”号能在什么程度上实现对火星内部结构探测的科研目标作出评论.评论从三个方面展开:即它能够基本回答的问题,部分回答的问题,及基本上不可能回答的问题.基于到目前为止的观测事实,可以说SEIS的数据分析结果对“洞察”号着陆点附近的浅地表结构会有精细的描述;对火星壳层的局部结构会有相当的了解.有可能会对火星上部幔层结构提供一些比以前更为严密的约束.但是,到目前为止SEIS数据对人类加深对于火星核结构了解的贡献应该是相对有限的.主要原因是缺乏能量足够大的震源来产生传播于整个火星的波动场.In this review,I briefly summarize the scientific objects of the InSight(Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations,Geodesy and Heat Transport)program and the major findings so far on Mars internal structure.The focus is on InSight's SEIS(Seismic Experiment for Internal Structure)project.Based on the observation up to date,it appears that SEIS is able to provide relatively precise depth profile of the physical properties of the regolith and bedrock underneath the InSight landing site.It is also able to provide certain constraints on Mars crust at the local to regional range.It may also place some constraints on properties of Martian upper mantle.However,it has been unable to provide meaningful constraints on the property of the core so far.The main reason is the lack of strong sources(large Marsquake or impact)that can generate seismic waves propagating in the entire planet.

关 键 词：火星 行星内部结构 “洞察”号 火星震 沙柱 天体撞击 

分 类 号：O319.56[理学—一般力学与力学基础]