养殖大菱鲆暴发性疖疮病的病原分离与组织病理研究  

Isolation of bacterial pathogen and histopathological change in cultured turbot with breaking out furunculosis

作　　者：刘建男 郭羿 倪萍 郭思聪 马红丽 陆晓岑 叶仕根[1] LIU Jiannan;GUO Yi;NI Ping;GUO Sicong;MA Hongli;LU Xiaocen;YE Shigen(Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业农村部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,大连市海珍品疾病防控重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2020年第5期701-706,共6页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金(2019-MS-031)。

摘　　要：为探究大菱鲆Scophthatmus maximus疖疮病的病因及患病大菱鲆的组织病理学变化,从患病鱼体(体质量为180 g±10 g)分离到一株优势菌DLPJC01,经分子生物学鉴定为杀鲑气单胞菌无色亚种Aeromonas salmonicida subsp.achromogenes,并进行了人工感染试验。结果表明:该菌株对大菱鲆有较强的致病力,证实其为疖疮病病原;药敏试验结果显示,该菌株对庆大霉素、头孢曲松、链霉素、头孢噻肟和新霉素5种抗菌药物高度敏感,对复方新诺明、环丙沙星、卡那霉素等13种抗菌药物完全耐药;组织病理学观察发现,病鱼呈现典型的急性全身性感染,各组织中均可见大量细菌团块;肌肉组织呈急性化脓性肌炎,肌细胞及脂肪细胞坏死,中性粒细胞渗出;肝、脾、肾、鳃和肠道等组织呈多灶性或弥漫性坏死,坏死细胞的细胞核碎裂、核染色质边移。研究表明,大菱鲆疖疮病的病原菌杀鲑气单胞菌亚种为典型的全身性感染菌,肝、脾、肾、鳃、肠道和肌肉是其主要的靶器官或靶组织。A strain of bacterial pathogen named as DLPJC01 was isolated from the diseased turbot Scophthalmus maximus with body weight of(180±10)g and identified as Aeromonas salmonicida subsp.achromogenes by physicochemical characteristics and PCR amplification of 16S rDNA gene.The pathogenicity of DLPJC01 to turbot was confirmed by challenge experiments.Susceptibility test results showed that this strain was highly sensitive to 5 antibiotics including gentamicin and ceftriaxone,and completely resistant to 13 antibiotics including trimethoprim,ciprofloxacin and kanamycin.Histopathological change indicated that typical acute systemic infection as observed in the diseased turbot,including the clump bacteria in all tissues checked,neutrophilic exudation in muscle tissue with necrosis of myocytes and adipocytes,acute suppurative myositis,and multifocal or diffuse necrosis with nuclear fragmentation and chromatin edging in the liver,spleen,kidney,gills and intestines as well.The findings indicated that liver,spleen,kidney,gill,intestine and muscle in the turbot were the main target organs or tissues of Aeromonas salmonicida,as a typical systemic infection.

关 键 词：大菱鲆 杀鲑气单胞菌亚种 分离鉴定 组织病理 

分 类 号：Q954.6[生物学—动物学]